Lab Notes-Sunday Handout

Separates the cell from the surounding enviornment and controsl what enters and leaves.

thick gel like substances inside the the cell, composed of numerous organlles suspended in watery cytosol.

large membrane structure near the center of the cell (contains  DNA) 

non membraneous body; synthesis RNA

surounds the nucleus

protien factory, a protein that makes protiens usually for export.

responsible for processing and packing of protiens

small cylinder shaped organelles, near the nucleus, it divides in perpendicular fashion during mitosis.

detoxifies harmful susbtances, i.e. alcohol, major function is the breakdown of fatty acids through beta-oxidation.

the power plant of the cell, depending of the role of the cell it can have one or many mitochondria- main function catabolism, ATP synthesis. 

bags of digestive enzymes break down defective cell parts and ingested particles (a cells digestive system

synthesizes certain lips and carbs, also removes and stores CA++ from the cells interior

protien synthesis and intercellular transportation of protiens (a cells highway)

hair like cell extension, responsible of absortion, found in small intestines and other  epithelial cells.

molecules that have both hydrophopic and hydophilic parts. they for a stable selective premeable lipid barrier between aqueos compartments within and bewteen cells.

The difussion of water through a selectively premeable membrane in the presence of at least one impremeant solute (involves both simple and channel mediated diffusion)

Molecules that can pass directly through the membrane's phopholipid bilayers or through channels from an area of high concentation to low concentration - down a gradient

diffusion of particles through a membrane channel/carrier structure in the membran (moving down a concentration gradient).

1. Pump- carry out transport process in which cellular energy is used to move molecules from a low to high gradient of concentration

Vesicles- carrys large groups of molecules in or out of the cell by means of a vesicle.- it is diff than pump because they allow to leave cell without crossing the plasma membrane

the plasma membrane traps some extracellular material and brings it into the cell that pinches off to form a an intracellular vesicle; type of vesicle-mediated transport.

• They are two forms
• phagocytosis: cell eating (cells or other large particles)
• pinocytosis: cell drinking (fluid, disolved molecules )

less pressure to the intracellular fluid, in other words more water, osmosis will always want to move from hypotonic to hypertonic solution

higher pressure to the intracellular fluid. that means that the cell will shrivel because the water will be trying to towards that more contcentrated area.

same osomotic pressure