chapter 18 eyes

tough white outer coat of the eyeball

membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeballs

transparent anterior part of the eye

the middle, vascular coat of the eye, between the sclera and the retina

pigmented membrane behind the cornea, perforated by the pupil

opening in the center through which light enters the eye

transparent body separating the posterior chamber and constituting the refracting mechanism of the eye

eye muscle capable of changing lens shape during contraction and relaxation

watery liquid in chamber in front of the lens; it circulates through the anterior chamber of the eye

jellylike transparent substance in the posterior chamber

innermost layer of the eyeball, containing elements for reception and transmission of visual stimuli

dimness of vision without a detectable organic lesion of the eye; related to absence, weakness, or paralysis of an eye muscle

condition characterized by irregular cornea and lens of the eye; corrected with lenses

inflammation of the eyelids

drooping of upper eyelid

opaque (not clear) lens of the eye

a small eyelid mass resulting from chronic inflammation of a meibomian gland

popular term from any deviation from normal perception of color

inflammation of the conjunctivia

a local inflammation of the cornea caused by injury or inflammation

inflammation of the lacrimal gland

inflammation of the lacrimal sac

a lacrimal calculus (stone)

separation of the inner layers of the retina from the pigment epithelium

scarring of the capillaries of the retina as a consequence of DM of long duration. retinal defects of DM include abnormal dilation of the retinal veins, hemorrhage, microaneurysms, and neovascularization (new blood vessels forming near the optic disk causing leakage of blood). effects cause permanent damage and will lead to blindness. leading cause of blindness in U.S.

"spots before the eyes"; these seposits in the vitreous of the eye usually move about and are probably a benign degenerative change. also seen in hypertension

any object not belonging to the eye; hazards depending on circumstances

eye disease characterized by an increase in intraocular pressure related to alterations in circulation in vitreous humor, causing pathologic changes and visual defects

blood escaping from the vessels, and bleeding from beneath the conjunctiva

involving the fifth cranial nerve (forehead, eyelid, and cornea), this infection by a herpes virus can be serious

farsightedness

eye injuries include foreign bodies, contusions, lacerations, burns, etc

inflammation of the iris

conical protrusion of the central part of the cornea

deterioration of the macula of the eye, resulting in a severe loss of central vision in the affected eye

a small localized swelling of the eyelid resulting from obstruction and retained secretions of the meibomian glands. a nonmalignant condition; often requires surgery for correction

involuntary rapid movement (horizontal, vertical, rotary, or mixed) of the eyeball

edema of the optic disk

diminution of accomodations of the lens of the eye caused by loss of elasticity, normally occurring with again; farsightedness

inflammation of the retina

a tumor arising from the retinal cells

quint; deviation of the eye from normal; crossed eyes; usually correctable

inflammation of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid

a contagious disease of the conjunctivia and cornea, producing photophobia, pain, and lacrimation; uncommon

inflammation of the uvea (iris and blood vessels)

a surgical excision of the lens of the eye. special lens or glasses are prescribed

application of extremely low temperature for the removal of a cataractous lens

fixation of a detached retina using extremely low temperature instead of the laser beam

incision of the lacrimal sac and duct

surgical removal of the eye

examination and study of the fundus of the eye by means of an ophthalmoscope

instrument for demonstrating ocular motility and rotation

excision of part of the iris

excision of part of the iris in glaucoma

plastic surgery of the cornea; corneal grafting

using the laser beam to treat retinal detachment

growth of the conjunctiva: neovascularization that invades the cornea; it can be removed surgically

an instrument used in ophthalmology for examining the conjunctiva, lens, vitreous humor, iris, and cornea. a high-intensity beam of light is projected through a narrow slit and a cross-section of the illuminated part of the eye is examined through a magnifying lens

instrument for measuring tension or pressure, especially intraocular pressure

measurement of tension or pressure, e.g. intraocular pressure

excision of fibrous bands or connective tissue

aspiration of vitreous fluid and replacement with saline solution

adjustment of the eye for seeing objects at various distances

inequality in size of the pupils of the eyes

a system of printing for the blind consisting of raised dots and prints that can be read by touch

opening through which aqueous humor must flow out of pressure in the eye increases resulting in glaucoma

the angle at either end of the fissure between the eyelids

with correction (glasses of lenses)

an instrument for applying extreme cold to tissue

an instrument for opening the lens capsule

unit of measure for lenses

recording of eye movements to provide objective documentation of induced and spontaneous nystagmus

normal vision

storage for donor organs

the back portion of the interior of the eyeball, visible through the pupil by use of the ophthalmoscope

an instrument containing a perforated mirror and lenses used to examine the interior of the eye; also spelled "fundoscope"

trained dogs for the blind; also called seeing-eye dogs

secretion and discharge of tears

a device that transfers light of various frequencies into an extremely intense, small beam of radiation. it is used as a tool in surgery, in diagnosis, and in physiologic studies

device for obtaining eyeglass prescriptions

a drug that causes contraction of the pupil

a drug that dilates the pupil

abbreviation for oculus dexter (right eye)

instrument containing a perforated mirror and lenses, used to examine the interior of the eye; also called funduscope

abbreviation for oculus sinister

abbreviation for oculus uterque (each eye) or oculus unitas (both eyes)

peripheral vision

acronym for Pupils Equal, Round, React to Light, Accomodation

the determination of the refractive errors of the eye and their correction with glasses or lenses

without correction (glasses or lenses)

one of several charts used in testing visual acuity. letters, numbers, or symbols are arranged on the chart in decreasing size from top to bottom

clarity or clearness of vision

a person who can read what the average person can read at 20 feet