Ch 4 micro

Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
A) Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane.
B) They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan.
C) They lack membrane-enclosed organelles.
D) They lack a plasma membrane.
E) Their DNA is not associated with histones.

Which of the following statements about a gram-positive cell wall is false?
A) It protects the cell in a hypertonic environment.
B) It contains teichoic acids.
C) It maintains the shape of the cell.
D) It is sensitive to penicillin.
E) It is sensitive to lysozyme.

Which of the following statements best describes what happens when a bacterial cell is placed in a solution containing 5% NaCl?
A) The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
B) Water will move into the cell.
C) Sucrose will move into the cell from a higher to a lower concentration.
D) No change will result; the solution is isotonic
E) Water will move out of the cell.

The best definition of osmotic pressure is
A) The force with which a solvent moves across a semipermeable membrane from a higher to a lower concentration.
B) The movement of a substance across a semipermeable membrane from a higher to a lower concentration.
C) The movement of solute molecules from a higher to a lower concentration.
D) The active transport of a substance out of a cell to maintain equilibrium.
E) The movement of solute molecules from a lower to a higher concentration across a semipermeable membrane.

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?
A) Extracellular enzymes
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Active transport
D) Aquaporins
E) Simple diffusion

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the plasma membrane?
A) Is the site of cell wall formation
B) Maintains cell shape
C) Is composed of a phospholipid bilayer
D) Contains proteins
E) Is selectively permeable

7) Which of the following have a cell wall?

A) Animal cells
B) L forms
C) Protoplasts
D) Fungi
E) Mycoplasmas

Which of the following statements is true?
A) Endospores are easily stained in a Gram stain.
B) Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes.
C) A cell produces one endospore and keeps growing.
D) Endospores are for reproduction.
E) A cell can produce many endospores.

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Mitochondria — ATP production
B) Golgi complex — secretion
C) Lysosome — digestive enzymes
D) Endoplasmic reticulum — internal transport
E) Centrosome — food storage

Which of the following organelles most closely resembles a prokaryotic cell?
A) Mitochondrion
B) Vacuole
C) Golgi complex
D) Cell wall
E) Nucleus

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells is generally false?
A) They have a semirigid cell wall.
B) They reproduce by binary fission.
C) They possess 80S ribosomes.
D) They are motile by means of flagella.
E) They lack membrane-bound nuclei.

Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is false?
A) They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids.
B) They are toxic to humans.
C) They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment.
D) They are sensitive to penicillin.
E) Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane.

Which of the following structures is NOT found in prokaryotic cells?
A) Peritrichous flagella
B) Flagellum
C) Pilus
D) Cilium
E) Axial filament

Which of the following statements about the glycocalyx is false?
A) It may be composed of polypeptide.
B) It protects from osmotic lysis
C) It may be composed of polysaccharide.
D) It is used to adhere to surfaces.
E) It may be responsible for virulence.

Which of the following is NOT a chemical component of a bacterial cell wall?
A) N-acetylmuramic acid
B) Peptide chains
C) Peptidoglycan
D) Cellulose
E) Teichoic acids

Which of the following is NOT part of the active transport process?
A) Plasma membrane
B) Transporter proteins
C) ATP
D) Cell wall
E) None of the above

In bacteria, photosynthetic pigments are found in
A) Cytoplasm.
B) Chloroplasts.
C) Chromatophores.
D) Mesosomes.
E) Ribosomes.

Which of the following terms best describes the cell in Figure 4.2? (bacillus with ponytail)
 
A) Amphitrichous flagella
B) Monotrichous flagella
C) Peritrichous flagella
D) Axial filament
E) Lophotrichous flagella

In bacteria, photosynthetic pigments are found in
A) Ribosomes.
B) Cytoplasm.
C) Mesosomes.
D) Chromatophores.
E) Chloroplasts.

The difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that facilitated diffusion
A) Can move materials from a lower to a higher concentration.
B) Can move materials from a higher to a lower concentration.
C) Requires ATP.
D) Doesn't require ATP.
E) Requires transporter proteins.

Which of the following is NOT a possible function of magnetosomes?
A) Protect cells from hydrogen peroxide accumulation
B) Get cells to the North Pole
C) Locate suitable environments
D) Store iron

You have isolated a motile, gram-positive cell with no visible nucleus. You can safely assume that the cell
A) Lives in an extreme environment.
B) Has 9 pairs + 2 flagella.
C) Has a nucleus.
D) Has a mitochondrion.
E) Has a cell wall.

 Fimbriae and pili differ in that pili

A) Are composed of pilin.
B) Are used for attachment
C) Are used to transfer DNA.
D) Are composed of flagellin.
E) Are used for motility.

Gram+(
A) or Gram-(
B)  is a toxic cell wall? A) a B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Gram+(
A) or Gram-(
B) has a wall that protects against osmotic lysis? A) a B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Gram+(
A) or Gram-(
B) l is decolorized by acetone-alcohol? A) a B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Gram+(A) or Gram-(B) is resistant to many antibiotics (e.g., penicillin)? A) a

Gram+(
A) or Gram-(
B) contains teichoic acids? A) a B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Gram+(
A) or Gram-(
B) contains porins? A) a B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a prokaryotic cell?
A) Flagella
B) Plasma membrane
C) Ribosomes
D) Around organelles
E) B and C

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a eukaryotic cell?
A) Flagella
B) Plasma membrane
C) B and C 
D) Ribosomes
E) Around organelles

Which of the following is NOT found in mitochondria and prokaryotes?
A) Circular chromosome
B) Cell wall
C) 70S ribosomes
D) ATP-generating mechanism
E) Binary fission

What will happen if a bacterial cell is placed in distilled water with lysozyme?
A) Lysozyme will diffuse into the cell.
B) Water will leave the cell.
C) The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
D) The cell will plasmolyze.
E) No change will result; the solution is isotonic.

What will happen if a bacterial cell is placed in 10% NaCl with penicillin?
A) Water will enter the cell.
B) The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
C) The cell will plasmolyze.
D) No change will result; the solution is isotonic
E) Penicillin will diffuse into the cell.

Which one of the following pairs is mismatched?

A) Lipid inclusions — energy reserve
B) Sulfur granules — energy reserve
C) Metachromatic granules — phosphate storage
D) Gas vacuoles — flotation
E) Ribosomes — protein storage

Which of the following are NOT energy reserves?
A) Metachromatic granules.
B) Lipid inclusions.
C) Carboxysomes.
D) Polysaccharide granules.
E) Sulfur granules.

Which of the following pairs is NOT a functionally analogous pair?
A) 9+2 flagella — bacterial flagella
B) Cilia — pili
C) Nucleus — nuclear region
D) Chloroplasts — thylakoids
E) Mitochondria — prokaryotic plasma membrane

The bacteria on the outside of termite protozoa
A) Digest cellulose.
B) Steer the protozoan to food.
C) Are transient microbiota.
D) Propel the protozoan.
E) None of the above