Physio Chapter 3

Imaginary line drawn through the spinal cord up to the fron of the brain

Near or towar the head

Near or toward the tail.

Along the neuraxis toward the front of the face

Along the neuraxis away from the front of the face

Toward the back, perpendicular to the neuraxis toward the top of the head or back

Toward the belly, perpendicular to the neuraxis toward the bottom of the skull or the front surface of the body

Toward the side of the body

Toward the neuraxis

Located on the same side of the body

Located on the opposite side of the body

Cross sections, right right angles to the neuraxis.

Parallel to the ground

Parallel to the neuraxis and perpendicular to the ground

Tough connective tissue that covers the CNS. Protective sheaths around the NS. There are three layers.

The outer layer of the meninges, tough thick and flexible. It is unstretchable.

Middle layer of the meninges. Soft, spongy, web-like layer.

Filled with cerebrospinal fluid that is produced by the choroid plexus.

Inner layer of the meninges. Close to the brain and the spinal cord.

The PNS has what kind of meninges?

Brain contains hollow, connected chambers that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid. What are they called?

The largest ventricles, also called the 1st and 2nd ventricles.

The ventricle that is the midline of the brain. It is rich in choroid plexus. Becomes a landmark for finding the thalmus. Also a major producer of cerebrospinal fluid.

This connects the 3rd and 4th ventricle

Receives visual information, calcarine fissure.

Receives auditory information, a lateral fissure.

Receives body senses, central sulcus.

Information processor for primary sensory cortex, perception, memory.

Processes movements

Involved in formulating plans and strategies

Deep grooves found on the surface of the brain. The deepest grooves

Shallower grooves on the brain.

This groove divides the somatosensory cortex from the motor cortex.

Bumps on the brain

Lobe in front of the central sulcus. Cognition and memory. 

Area in the brain the has the ability to concentrate and attend, elaboration of thought. Judgment, inhibition. Personality and emotional traits.

Lobe posterior to the central sulcus. Processing of sensory input, sensory discrimination, body orientation, and primary secondary somatic area.

Lobe ventral to lateral fissure. Auditory receptive area and association areas, expressed behaviors, language and memory.

Lobe at the back of the brain. Used for vision.

Includes the cingulate gyrus and corpus collosum.

Part of the limbic system involved with learning and memory

Part of the limbic system specific to emotion and memory

Part of the limbic system that connects axons from the hippocampus to other regions of the brain.

Part of the limbix system that contains parts of the hypothalmus

Nuclei, deep in the brain, beneath the lateral ventricles. Comprised of the caudate nucleus, putamen, and the global pallidus.

This is involved in smoothing out movement via input from the primary and secondary motor cortex of the somatosensory cortex.

Part of the diencephalon that has 2 lobes connected through the 3rd ventricle via massa intermedic. It is divided into several (nodes?) interonnectin different regions of the brain.

Areas where we find the dense body of somas interconnecting with dendrites and axons synapsing onto these.

Part of the thalmus, used for vision. 

Part of the thalmus that deals with auditory

The gatekeeper for sympathetic nervous system. The Controls autonomic nervous system and endocrine system

This part of the Diencephalon organizes behavior related to survival, such as food, fluid, mating and instinctual behaviors.

The master gland of the endocrine system that controls functions of other glands.

Section of the pituitary gland that has the growth hormone, prolactin, ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH

Section of the pituitary gland that has endorphine, malanocyte, stimulating hormone

Section of the pituitary gland that has ADH, oxytocin

Most hormones are secreted by what?

This plays an important role in standing, walking, coordinated movements. It receives information from the visual, auditory, and motor systems. Involved in cognitive functions such as attention and language.

This is associated with the auditory system -- balance.

Contains nuclei that relay signals from the cerebrum to cerebellum, along with nuclei that deal with sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control, hearing, equilibrium, taste, eye movement, facial expression, sensation, and posture.

Contains the cardiac, respiratory, and vasomotor centers and deals with autonomic functions like breathing and blood pressure.

Part of the CNS. Motor axons to organs and somatosensory info to the brain. Protexted by the vertebrae.

Spinal root that contains info afferent sensory axons.

A cluster of sensory neuron somas

Spinal root that contains outgoing (efferent) motor axons

Nerves from the brain to the head and neck. 

Central to the moement of skeletal muscles and convey sensory infor to CNS

Controls body functions, smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, glands. Tibetan monks can control it with practice.

Subdivision of the autonomic nervous system with the fight or flight response.

subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that deals with resting and digesting.