Ch 14

What system is responsible for returnign tissue fluid to the blood and for protecting the body against foreign material?

What are the parts of the Lymphatic system

What is the tissue fluid that enters lymph capillaries

These are dead-end lymph capillaries found in most tissue spaces

these are specialized lymph capillaries in the villi of the small intestine that absorb fat-soluble end products of digestion.

Lymph vessels in the extremities, especially the legs are compressed by the skeletal muscles that surround them what is this called

What alternately expands and compresses the lymph vessels in the chest cavity and keeps the lymph moving

a vessel formed from lymph vessels from the lower body uniting in front of the lumbar vertebrae which this vessel continues upward in th front of the backbone as the thoracic duct.

Lymphatic tissue consists mainly of what type of tissue

The thymus has stem cells that produce a significant portion of which lymphocytes

Lymph nodes and nodules are what type of tissue

these are encapusulated and are found in groups along the pathways of lymph vessesl and lymph flows through these on its way to the subclavian veins. they are about 10-20 mm in length

these are smaller masses of lymphatic tissue. smaller than the lymph nodes and have no capsules found just beneaththe epithelium of all mucous membrane

Plasma cells develop from which lymphocyte

what are some names of lymph nodules

The lymph nodules of the small intestine are called

What is the important function of Peyer's patches

What organ is like a largy lymph node

what are the functions of the spleen

what organ is located in the upper left quadant of the abdominal cavity, just below the diaphragm, behind the stomach

what organ is located inferior to the thyroid gland

what does the stem cells of the thymus produce

What are the two capabilities developed in the thymus from immature T cells

this is the ability to distinguish the cells that belong in the body from those that do not

this is the ability not ot react to proteins and other organic molecules our cells produce

this is the ability to destroy pathogens or other foreign material and to prevent further cases of certain infectious diseases.

these are chemical markers that identify cells

what are the two main components of immunity

aka nonspecific, does not creat memory, response is always same regardless of target. has anatomic and physiological barriers, phogcytic and other defensive cells, and chemical secretions and reactions, including inflammation

What cells are circulated in the blood but are also found in the red bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes and are able to destroy many kinds of pathogens and tumor cells

these cells are defensive cells that are found throughout the areolar connective tissue of ucous membranes and the subcutaneous tissue and produce histamine and leukotrienes

a chemical defense that are protein produced by cells infected with viruses and by t cells

what are the 3 aspects of innate immunity

what are the barriers from pathogens

What are the defensive cells from innate immunity

What are the chemical defenses of our innate immunity from pathogens

is a chemical defense. is a group of more than  20 plasma proteins that circulate in the blood until activated. calls lysis of cellular antigens and labels of noncellular antigens.

this immunity is specific to its target, may involve antibodies, does create memory, and may become more efficient and is carried out by lymphocytes and macrophages

where are t cells produced

When activated during an immune response these cells well divide many times and beome plasma cells that produce anibodies to a specific foreign antigen

specialized groups of t lymphocytes are called

this cell will remeber the specific foreign antigen and bcome active if it enters the body

These cess are able to chemically destroy foreign antigens by disrupting cell membranes

what is another name for antibodies

formed antigen-antibody comples which means the antigen is now labeled for phagocytosis by macrophages or neutrophils.

is the clumping of antibodies to bacterial cells

this type of immunity does not involve antibodies or immune system. it is the result of our genetic make up

this type of immunity requires antibodies

this immunity means that the antibodies are from another source (vaccines)

This immunity means that the individual produces his or her own antibodies

What are the classes of antibodies

crosses the placenta to provide passive immunity for newborns
provides long-term immunity following recovery or a vaccine
Location : blood, extracellular fluid

present in breast milk to provide passive immunity for breast-fed infants
found in secretions of all mucous membranes
location: external secretions (tears, saliva,)

Produced first by the maturing immune system of infants
produced first during an infection
Part of ABO blood group
Location: blood

Receptors on B lymphocytes
Location: b lymphocytes

Important in allergic reactions (mast cells release histamine)
location: mast cells or basophils