-
4 more invasive methods of restraint
- 1. mouth gag
- 2. muzzle
- 3. rabies pole
- 4. chemical restraint
-
what are the cons of using rubber gloves during a PE
- The client may be offended and nervous.
- The patient will get nervous by the unusual sight and smell of the gloves.
-
what is the order of which you will check for Temperature and weight
Check Weight and then check Temperature... LAST!
-
What is the healthy range for Temp in a DOG
100-102.2 F
-
What is the healthy range for Heart Rate in a DOG
60-160 BPM
-
What is the healthy range in Respiratory Rate in DOG
16-132 Breaths PM
-
What is the healthy range for Temp in a CAT
100-102.5 F
-
What is the healthy range for Heart Rate in a CAT
140-220 BPM
-
What is the healthy range for Respiratory Rate in CATS
20-42 Breaths PM
-
what is a lamp with violet light that supposedly identifies Ringworm
WoodLamp
-
Instrument used to examine the Eye
Ophthalmoscope
-
Instrument used to examine the Ear
Otoscope
-
What does the Acronym BARH mean
Bright Alert Responsive Hydrated
-
What does the Acronym MM p/m mean
Mucous Membranes are Pink and Moist
-
What does the Acronym CRT mean
Capillary Refill Time
-
Explain Cyanotic MM
Pale blue Mucous membranes means low O2 in the blood
-
What are the causes for Cynotic MM
Anemia or Shock
-
Explain Icteric MM
Yellow mucous membranes means Jaundice (Liver Dz) or Hemolytic Anemia
-
What does the Acronym HEENT mean
Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, Throat
-
Define: Discharge
1. Serous
2. Mucoid
3. Purulent
- 1. Serous- Thin
- 2. Mucoid -Thick
- 3. Purulent- containing Pus
-
-
What may be the cause for perfectly round Aloepecia
Ringworm
-
What is the way we test for Ringworm and why
Pluck hairs surrounding Aloepecia
The Dermatocyte (fungus) lives within the hair follicle
-
How do you check for Thyroid Slip
slide fingers along the trachea pass where the Thyroid will be. if you feel a slip the thyroid has enlarged
-
What Lymph nodes do we check during a PE in CATS
- 1. Submandibular
- 2. Prescapular
- 3. Popliteal
-
What Lymph nodes do we check during a PE in DOGS
- 1. Submandibular
- 2. Prescapular
- 3. Popliteal
- 4. Axillary
-
Name the 3 types of Stethoscopes available to us
- 1. Dual Teaching
- 2. Esophageal
- 3. Digital/ "Electronic"
- 4. Sprague-Rappaport
-
What does the acronym PMI mean
Point of Maximum Intensity, where the sound can be heard loudest
-
Auscultation of the left Base of the heart
Aortic and Pulmonary valves (highest valves) are heard
-
Auscultation of the Right Apex of the heart
Mitral valve (left/oxygenated) is heard
-
Auscultation of the sternum/ middle of the heart
Tricuspid valve is heard
-
Where would you hear a Ventricle Septum Defect
Where Tricuspid valve is heard
-
What is a Ventricle Septum Defect
Hole in septum between the ventricles
-
heart flow issue heard in heart upon heart beats
Heart murmur
-
Fluid accumulation heard in heard
Muffled Heart sounds
-
A condition in which a artery pulses independently from the heart beat. What is the cause of this?
Pulse deficient, caused by a block somewhere
-
Murmur or swooshy sound between the 1st and 2nd Heart Beats
1 * 2..... 1 * 2..... 1 * 2.....
* = swoosh sound (murmur)
Systolic heart murmur
-
Which artery do we palpate to check for pulse deficient in DOGS and CATS
Femoral artery
-
Which artery do we palpate to check for pulse deficient in HORSES
Submandibular artery
-
Which animal has 3 heart beats normally
Horse
-
How many sites do you need to auscultate for Respiratory sounds?
4 sites: Dorsal Cranial, Ventral Cranial, Dorsal Caudal, Ventral Caudal.
-
High pitch respiratory sounds
Stridor
-
Wheezing is upper respiratory tract
Referred sound
-
Low pitch respiratory sounds
Stertor
-
Collapsed lung
Atelactasis
-
How do you know if a patient is putting is Respiratory Effort
Intercostals are doing too much work to aid in breathing
-
What does -omegaly mean
organ enlargement
-
growling sounds in abdomen
Borborygmus
-
Patient seems physically tense during PE
May simply mean the patient is tense from stress or that there is some omegaly. It can even mean Ileus.
-
Ileus
Ceased intestinal motility
-
Name Musculoskeletal tests we do during a PE
- 1. Proprioceptive placement of limbs
- 2. check for Crepitus by moving all joints
- 3. Wheelbarrowing
- 4. use of a Plexor for reflexes
- 5. Nystagmus test
-
What does the acronym CWD mean
Chronic Wasting Dz, a prion-causing dz of ungulates.
-
Scale of BCS
1-5 or 1-9, depends on your clinic
-
What does the acronym BCS mean
Body condition score
-
Being extremely under weight
Cachexic
-
Define: Integument
1. Seborrhea
2. Epilated
- 1. Seborrhea is greasy
- 2. Epillated is shedding beyond normal
-
distended stomach in puppies and kittens
diagnosis of parasites usually
-
Honking cough signifies
collapsing Trachea
-
Pruritis on neck and base of tail signifies
flea infestation
-
Pebbly skin development on limbs may signify
Lick Granuloma, caused by excessive licking due to fleas, allergies, or stress
-
Foul odor of the mouth signifies
Hallitosis, a dz of the gums and teeth
-
Icterus signifies
Jaundice (liver dz) or Hemolytic Anemia
-
-
What circling may signify
ear infection
-
Nystagmus Test:
Positive and Negative
Menace Positive is a good result
Menace Negative is a bad result
-
Blood withdrawal sites in the DOG
- 1. Cephalic
- 2. Jugular
- 3. Saphenous
-
Blood withdrawal sites in the CAT
- 1. Saphenous
- 2. Jugular
- 3. Cephalic
-
Blood withdrawal sites in the FERRET
-
Blood withdrawal sites in the AVIAN
1. Jugular
-
Where do you NEVER vaccinate a patient
- Scruff of neck, just in case of reaction
- or in back of hind limb, just in case you hit sciatic nerve
-
4 rules when dealing with surgical instrument in the OR
1. NEVER PASS OVER THE FIELD (PATIENT)
2. NEVER DROP HANDS BELOW TABLE LEVEL
3. NEVER TOUCH THE GLOVES OF ANOTHER
4. NEVER MOVE AROUND OR, BUT IF YOU MUST PASS OTHERS BACK-TO-BACK
-
What extra measures do we take when taking organs out of the body during surgery (that will be put back in after surgery)
what is it called when we take organs out of the body temporarily
keep organs moistened in a sterile towel
exteriorizing organs
-
What extra measures do we take when we use the Laser during surgery
put a thick layer of saline soaked gauzes over the patients eyes
-
name a narrow type that goes into something else
catheter
-
An instrument that clamps things down
forceps
-
An instrument that closes vessels
Hemostat
-
Surgical instruments:
1. which is good for holding
2. which is good for rough tissue
3. which is good for grasping
- 1. Locking instruments
- 2. Serrated instruments
- 3. Thumb instruments
-
1. Name
2. Use
- Thumb forceps for
- Suturing
-
1. Name
2. Use
3. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Halstead Mosquito Forceps
- 2. may hold fragile tissue without crushing
- 3. Horizontal grooves along entire head.
-
1. Name
2. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Kelly Forceps
- 2. Horizontal grooves along half the length of the head
-
1. Name
2. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Russian Thumb Forceps
- 2. Serrated circular teeth at the head of the forceps
-
1. Name
2. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Adson-Brown forceps
- 2. One tooth at the end of the head of the forceps
-
1. Name
2. Use
3. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Allis, or Babcock forceps
- 2. holds something in place without crushing it
- 3. spatula-like arms at the head of the forceps
-
1. Name
2. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Doyenne/ Rochester Carmalt forceps
- 2. verticle grooves the entire length of head
- or horizontal grooves
-
1. Name
2. Use
3. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Olsen-Hegar Needle Holder forceps
- 2. Suturing
- 3. wide grooves on blunt head with internal scissors to cut sutures
-
1. Name
2. Use
- 1. Rongeur Pliers
- 2. for extracting teeth
-
1. Name
2. Use
- 1. Snook Hook
- 2. Used to pull ureters with oviducts in spays so oviducts can be isolated and removed. Used in neuters aswell.
-
1. Name
2. Use
- 1. Backhaus Towel Clamp
- 2. holds sterile towels in place to patients skin
-
1. Name
2. Use
3. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Weitlaner or Gelpi Retractor (order of photos)
- 2. holds open tissue for surgical procedures
- 3. Weitlaner: has a low thumb locking mechanism
- Gelpi: has a high thumb locking mechanism
-
1. Names
2. Uses
- 1. A: Metzenbaum Scissors, B: Mayo Scissors
- 2. Metzenbaum scissors (A) are used for more delicate tissue. Mayo scissors (B) are used for cutting heavy fascia and sutures.
-
1. Name
2. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Suture Scissors
- 2. Half moon curve at the head of the scissors
-
1. Name
2. Use
3. Unique physical attributes
- 1. Bandage Scissors
- 2. cuts bandages off without poking holes through skin
- 3. Blunt head on one arm of scissors
-
1. Name
2. Use
- 1. Mayo stand
- 2. Holds surgical intruments for surgeon
-
1. Name
1. Kidney pan
-
-
-
horizontal mattress suture
-
-
what does the acronym OHE mean
Ovariohysterectomy
-
to spay or neuter is otherwise known as
to Alter
-
to remove testes/ neuter
orchiectomy
-
birth process complications caused by dz or trauma
dystocia
-
to collapse outwards
prolapse
-
-
an incision to the abdomen
laparotomy
-
List 10 instrument in spay pack:
- 1. Mayo scissors 6. Snook Hook
- 2. Olsen-Hegar forceps 7. Scalpel
- 3. Backhaus forceps 8. Straight Halstead Mosquito forceps
- 4. Straight Kelly forceps 9. Curved Halstead Mosquito forceps
- 5. Curved Kelly forceps 10. Adson-Brown Forceps
-
Name sundries
- 1. Fenestrated Drapes
- 2. Gauze
- 3. Bowl and bottle of sterile saline
- 4. suture materials
-
Sterilization solutions
- "Nolvasan" (chlorhexidine solution)
- Benodine
-
celiotomy
removal of celiac artery
-
when is C-section recommended
- when mother is pregnant for longer than 70 days
- when its been an hour between births
-
why we encourage puppies to suckle mothers milk
- suckling stimulates prolactin
- Prolactin stimulates expulsion of placenta
-
ligating pampiniform plexus and vas deferens separately
open orchiectomy
-
ligating the whole bundle including the tunic
closed orchiectomy
-
Causes of rectal prolapse
- 1. tenesmus
- 2. parasites
- 3. enteritis
- 4. foreign bodies/ urethral construction
- 5. prostatic hyperplasia
-
Causes of vaginal prolapse
- 1. dystocia
- 2. hyperplastic conditions
-
treatment of choice for prolapse
manual reduction
-
procedure of closing off or minimizing the opening to the vagina
caslick procedure
-
removal of P3 (last digit of paw)
onychectomy
-
what is a a digital clamp
holds P3 for onychectomy
-
head shaking for some breeds causes vessel breakage
also called cauliflower syndrome
aural hematoma
-
which method do we use to dehorn today
electrocautery
-
-
-
when stomach spins on its axis and fills with air
also known as popeyes arm
Gastric Dilation Vulus
-
why does Spleenectomy usually accompanies GDV
Damage to splenic vessels often occurs
-
1. Name
2. Use
1. Bone curette scoops bone marrow
-
1. Name
2. Use
- 1. Periosteal elevator
- 2. peals periosteum from bone
-
Abx in orthropedic surgeryjQuery1124023429265845006153_1567130306233
ALWAYS!!
-
fractures which can be fixed without opening body
closed reduction
-
fractures which must be opened in order to fix
open reduction
-
pins and rods inserted at specific angles anchored ouside the body in which pressure and angles can be changed
external fixator
-
Twist ties with plate, screws, and cerclage wire
-
Intermedullary pin fixes horizontal fractures
-
3 ways to fix hip dysplasia:
-
what is FHO?
Femoral Head Osteotomy, knock off head of femur in young animals only. The body will heal around in tightly.
-
what is TPO?
Triple Pelvic Osteotomy, making fractures and repositioning the isheum so angle of the acetabulum fits.
-
what is THR?
- Total Hip Replacement
-
3 ways to fix patellar luxation or subluxation
- 1. Anti-rotational sutures
- 2. Trochleoplasty
- 3. Tibial Transportation
-
What is the mechanism behind Anti-rotational sutures
sutures the patella back into position
-
what is trochleoplasty
reshapes trochlea to fit
-
what is Tibial transportation
to cut and reshape proximal tibia so patella can not move out of position
-
what does CCL mean
Cranial cruciate ligament
-
what does CdCL mean
Caudal cruciate ligament
-
what does TPLO mean
Tibial Plator Leveling Osteotomy, cutting part of tibia without touching the ligament. This will cause femore to slide foward.
-
what is Tibial tubercle advancement
separates parts of tibia so femor fits.
-
Ventral slot
must go ventrally to fix displaced disc.
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