aorta- biggest-no exchange-function is to transport blood
artery- no exchange- function is to transport blood
arteriols-noexchange-function is to transport blood
capillaries
venules
veins
vena cava
where do all the exchange happen in the vascular system
in the capillaries
what are the 3 layers of of the arteriestunic
tunica intima (interna)
tunica media (middle)
tunica externa (outer layer)
this is the innermost layer
contacts blood
surrounds lumen
made of one layer simple squamous(flat) epithelium (thinnest type of tissue)
attach to basement membrane
arteries
space inside blood vessels where blood flows in
lumen
what does SLUDD mean
salivation
lacremation
urination
digestion
defecation
(parasympathetic)
This is the thickest layer made of smooth muscles- controls the diameter of carter blood vessels- contacts in response to strech
vasoconstriction-constricts blood vessels
has elastic connective tissue and have nerve supplies supply to it.
tunica media (middle)
this is the outer layer made of protein fibrous connective tissue. mostly collagen and elastic tissue. very thick helps keep blood vessel from rupturing
tunica externa (outer)
these are small arteries
vasoconstriction/vasodilation to control blood flow to tissues
arterioles
carry blood from the heart to capillaries
arteries
smaller arteries
arterioles
simple squamous epithelium
endothelium
stimulates contraction of this smooth muscle
peptide endothelin
carry blood from capillaries back to the heart
veins
smaller veins
venules
is a connection, or joining, of vessel, that is artery to artery or vein to vein. The general pupose of these connections is to provide alternate pathways for the flow of blood if one vessel becomes obstructed
anastomoses
what helps ensure that blood will be albe to return to the heart in order to be pumped again
venous anastomosis
what are most numerous among the veins of the legs, where the possibilyt of obstuction increases as a person gets older
venous anastomses
carries blood from arterioles to venules. wall is one cell thick. are actually the extension of the endothelium.
capillaries
When blood flow into capillary networks is regulated by smooth muscle cells called
precapillary sphincters
another type of capillary that are larger and more permeable than are other capillaries. allows large substances such as proteins and blood cells to enter or leave blood
sinusoids
the movement of gas from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration is called
diffusion
Because the capillary blood pressure is higher, what process occurs that forces plasma and dissovled utients out of the capillaries and into tissue fluid
the process of filtration
Albumin contributes to this attracting pressure a pulling rather than a pushing pressure is called
colloid osmotic pressure (COP)
what are the two major pathways of circulation
pulmonary circulation begins at the right ventricle
systemic circulation begins at the left ventricle
this is a subdivision of systemic circulation in which blood from the abdominal digestive organs and speen circulates through the liver before returning to the heart.
Hepatic portal circulation
these are branches of the fetal internal iliac arteries that carry blood form the fetus to the placenta
umbilical arteries
this carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
umbilical vein
within the body of the fetus, the umbilical vein branches: one branch takes some blood to the fetal liver, but most of the blood passes through...what to the inferior vena cava