Glossary.txt

the skill or activity of keeping records of the money a person or Organisation earns and spends

the arrangements and tasks needed to control the Operation of a plan or organisation

• space comprising the earth's atmosphere and the space beyond;
• a science that deals with aerospace

a substance having metal properties and being composed of two or more chemical elements of which at least one is a metal.

• intended to counteract or eliminate environmental: pollution antipollution filters;
• antipollution laws.

the group of directors who are responsible for controlling and organising a company or organisation

a rotating disk shaped to convert circular motion into linear

real products that are used in the production of other products but are not incorporated into the new product, e.g. machines and tools

money which is spent on buildings and equipment to increase the effectiveness of a business

a four-year war (1861-65) between the federal government of the United States and 11 Southern states that asserted their right to secede from the Union.

one that consumes, especially one that acquires goods or services for direct use or ownership rather than for resale or use in production and manufacturing

goods intended for direct use or consumption

a machine that separates the seeds, seed hulls, and other small objects from the fibers of cotton.

a person who buys goods or a Service

demand is the want or need or desire for a product that is backed by an ability to pay. Demand is measured over a given time period. It is determined by a number of factors including income, tastes and the price of complementary and substitute goods.

a part of the profit of a Company that is paid to the people who own shares in it

any device that converts electromagnetic force to motion, or vice-versa

the act of introducing variety (especially in investments or in the variety of goods and Services offered)

(used with a sing. verb) The science and technology of electronic phenomena.

• the application of science and mathematics by which the properties of matter and the sources of energy in nature are made useful to people;
• the design and manufacture of complex products, e.g. Software engineering

• 1 an Organisation, especially a business (in economic theory);
• 2 a term used to refer to entrepreneurial skill.

materials containins iron

any kind of real or physical capital t hat is not used up in the production and is also not easily moved into the production of a new product

designed by James Watt in 1788 as a feedback mechanism for the steam engine. The shaft of a flyball governor is spun by a steam engine. As it spins, centrifugal force throws weights outward, moving linkages that slow the machine down. As the shaft slows down, the weights fall, engaging a throttle that speeds the engine up. The flyball governor forces the engine to operate at a constant and consistent speed.

an economic System in which private businesses compete with each other to seil goods and Services in order to make a profit, and in which government control is limited to protecting the public and running the economy

the department of an Organisation that deals with finding new employees, keeping records about all the organisation's employees, and helping them with any Problems

a chemical combination of hydrogen and carbon, such as in oil

Although there is some discussion about its timing, the industrial revolution is generally accepted as occurring in Britain in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The revolution was in technology - new techniques involving new machinery and new processes - but was accompanied by social and political changes. These changes, beginning in Britain, took place over a long period of time but their effects transformed society.

production using identical components that can substitute one for another, particularly important in manufacturing. Interchangeable parts represents a tremendous advance in production Systems. Prior to interchangeable parts. each element of a device had to be time consumingly h and crafted or custom made. Eli Whitney developed a system of interchangeable parts for mass production in the 1800s.

the design or creation of something which has never been made before

the branch of mechanics concerned with the motions of objects without being concerned with the forces that cause the motion

a mach ine for changing the shape of a piece of wood, metal. etc. which works by turning the material while a sharp tool is pressed against it

work; exertion

a sum of money which is borrowed from a bank. and has to be paid back, usually together with an additional amount of money as a charge for borrowing

powered machine for cutting or shaping or finishing metals or other materials

• the act of managing something;
• the control and Organisation of something, the person or persons who control or direct a business

to produce goods in large numbers, usually in a factory using machines

• The act, craft, or process of manufacturing products, especially on a large scale;
• an industry in which mechanical power and machinery are employed;
• the use of machines, tools and labor to make things for use or sale.

• a job that involves encouraging people to buy a product or service;
• the commercial functions involved in transferring goods from producer to consumer

machine tool in which metal that is secured to a carriage is fed against rotating cutters that shape it

materials that do not contain iron

rock or soil from which metal can be obtained

a group of people who work together in a structured way for a shared purpose

• when you own something;
• the person, people or Institution who legally possess an item

the result of a set of actions

• a building or group of buildings for the manufacture of a product;
• a factory;
• the equipment, including machinery, tools, Instruments, and fixtures and the buildings containing them, necessary for an industrial or manufacturing operation.

spending money that a business had earned on improving that business; reinvestment of (earnings or profits) in one's business. This term transfers the farming practice of turning the soil from top to bottom to financial enterprises.

• the energy or motive force by which a physical System or machine is operated: turbines turne d by steam power;
• a wind turbine driven by wind power: electrical or mechanical energy, especially as used to assist or replace human energy;
• electricity supplied to a home, building, or community: a storm that cut off power to the whole region.

a looped, flexible connection used for power transmission

any process of transforming one form of energy to another. Energy of fossil fuels, solar radiation, or nuclear fuels can be converted into other energy forms such as electrical, propulsive, or heating that are more useful to us. Often, machines are used to transform energy. The efficiency of a machine characterizes how well (how efficiently) it can produce a useful output (such as work for example) through such a conversion.

money which is earned in trade or business, especially after paying the costs of producing and selling goods and services

• useful or valuable possessions or qualities of a country, organization, or person;
• inputs used in the production of goods and Services

the income that a Company receives regularly

area of engineering concerned with the design and manufacture of robots

a rod which forms part of a machine such as an engine, and which turns in order to pass power on to the machine

a person who owns some of the equal parts into which the ownership of a company is divided

An engine that converts the heat energy of pressurized steam into mechanical energy, especially one in which steam drives a piston in a closed cylinder

a way of doing an activity which needs skill

• engineering;
• the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area, e.g. medical technology

a compromise involving a kind of exchange where one accepts a less than perfect solution by sacrificing one feature etc. to obtain more of another feature; a trade-off usually refers to losing one quality or aspect of something in return for gaining another quality or aspect.

• a wheel with buckets attached to its rim;
• raises water from a stream or pond

the money belonging to a company which is immediately available for business use, rather than money it has in Investments or property