Bio Ch. 21

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What is a Nucleotide?
- Composed of three subunits
- 1. Phosphate.
- 2. Pentose Sugar
- 3. Nitrogen containing base.
What 3-things must genetic material do?
- 1. Replicate so that it can be transmitted to the next gen.
- 2. Store information.
- 3. Undergo change to provide genetic variability.
What is the process of copying a DNA helix?

DNA Replication.
What enzyme seals any breaks in the sugar-phosphate backbone?

Ligase
What nucleotide contains the sugar Ribose?

RNA
What are the 4-bases for RNA?
- 1. Uracil.
- 2. Guanine.
- 3. Adanine.
- 4. Cytosine.
What two categories is RNA put into?
- 1. Coding
- 2. Noncoding
What is the Coding RNA?

Messenger RNA (mRNA)
What RNA fit into the Noncoding category?
- 1. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
- 2. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
- 3. Small RNAs
What are the small RNAs involved in?

The expression of the genes that code for mRNA and rRNA.
What serves as a template for mRNA?

DNA in the nucleus.
Where is tRNA produced?

Nucleus.
What transfers amino acids to the ribosomes?

tRNA
What carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm?

mRNA
What is involved with the splicing of the mRNA before it is exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for translation?

snRNA
What RNA modifies the ribosomal RNA with the nucleolus of the cell?

snoRNA
What RNA attaches itsself to mRNA in the Cytoplasm and prevents it from being translated unnecessarily?

miRNA
What RNA prepares the mRNA for degredation?

siRNA.
What process makes an RNA copy of DNA?

Transcription
What process makes protein from RNA?

Translation.
What is the first step in gene-expression?

Transcription.
What is the second step in gene-expression?

Translation.
During what process does a strand of mRNA form that is a complementary portion of DNA?

Transcription.
What process is required for protein synthesis?

Translation

Author

mgarsteck

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Bio Ch. 21

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bio

Updated

2012-09-24T03:52:45Z

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