ethics

The aspects of our lives that deal with moral judgments, principles, rules, standards or theories.

Study of morality using the tools and methods of philosophy

The study of morality using the methodology of science.

The search for, and justification of, moral standards and norms

Study of the meaning and justification of basic moral beliefs

Use of moral norms and concepts to resolve practical  moral issues

Applied ethics focused on health care, medical science, and medical technology.

 Moral norms take precedence over other norms

Moral standards apply to all relevantly similar situations

Everyone’s moral standing should be equal

Moral actions must be the result of careful reflections and sound reasoning

Principal that applies without exception. Don’t lie regardless of the circumstances.

Applies in all cases unless an exception is warranted. Telling a patient the truth will kill them.

A person's rational capacity for self-governance or self determination - the ability to direct one's own life and choose for oneself

The overriding of a person's actions or decision-making for her own good.

We should do good to others and avoid doing them harm. "Do good to others"

We should not cause unnecessary injury or harm to those in our care. "Do no harm"

We should produce the most favorable balance of good over bad (or benefit over harm) for all concerned

People getting what is fair or what is their due.

Claim there are moral norms or principles that are valid or true for everyone

The belief that ovjective moral principles allow no exceptions or must be applied the same way in all cases and cultures

View of moral standards are not objective but are relative to what individuals or cultures believe

ethical relativism pertaining to individuals

ethical relativism pertaining to cultures

The view of morality that moral laws are constiityted by the will of God

Arguments that provide logically conclusive support to conclusions

arguments that provide probable support for conclusions

A group of statements in which soe of them are intended to support another of them

a statment given in support of another statement

a statement that premises are used to support

a claim, an assertion that something is or is not the case

A statement that doesn't give any reason to accept the change, just influence their opinion

If p, then q
p
therefore q

if p, then q
not q
therefore not p

name 5 fallacies in moral reasoning

the theory that the right actions are the ones that result in the most beneficial balance of good over bad consequences for everyone involved

an act is right if in a particular situation it produces a greater balance of good over bad than any alternative acts

a right action is one that conforms to a rule and if followed will create for everyone involved the most beneficial balance of good over bad

Doing a good act and getting a bad outcome is ok
Doing a bad act and getting a good outcome is not ok

The view that right actions are those that conform to moral standards discerned in nature through human reason

theory that every decision should be made behind the veil of ignorance

ethics that where character is the key to moral life, because it is froma a virtuous character that moral conduct and values naturally arise

ethics approach to morality aimed at advancing women's interests and correcting unjustices inflicted on women through social oppresion and inequality

3 criteria for judging moral theories

paternalism directed at persons who can't act autonomously or whose autonomy is greatly diminished

the overriding of a person's actions or choices even though he is substantially autonomous

the alleged pointlessness or ineffectiveness of administeing particular treatments

Telling the truth

4 external constraints on autonomy

The duty to keep commitments and promises

allocating resources in a fair manner