Describe the positioning for a Townes view.
- Position
- Landmark
- Position: AP
- Landmark: Orbital Meatal Line perpendicular to Image Receptor
Describe the positioning for the 2nd version for the Townes view.
- Position
- Landmark
- Position: AP
- Landmark: Infraorbital Meatal Line is perpendicular to IR.
Describe the central ray and angle for a Townes view ( both versions )
- Central Ray: 2.5 inches above the Globella.
- Angle: 30 degrees Caudad
- Angle: 37 derees Caudad
What do you see in a Townes view?
Dorsum salae and psterior clinoid in shadows of Foramen Magnum
Describe the positioning for a Lateral Skull.
- Position
- Landmark
- Position: Lateral
- Landmark: Midsagital Plane Parallel to IR. Interpupillary line perpendicular to the IR.
Describe the Centarl Ray for a lateral skull.
It is centered two inches above External Acoustic Meatus.
What do you see in a lateral skull?
For a lateral skull you see:
- Sella turcica
- Anterior and posterior clinoids.
- Dorsum Sallae.
Describe the Caldwell projection
- Position
- Landmark
- Position: PA axial
- Landmark: Orbital Meatal Line perpendicular to IR.
Describe the central ray for both variations of the Caldwell.
- 15 degree caudal Angle exiting at nasion.
- 25-30 degrees caudal angle exiting at nasion.
What do you see in a caldwell projection?
You see the petrous pyramids at 1/3 lower part of the superior orbital margin. When you angle more, it brings the petrous pyramids down out of the way to see the orbits.
Describe the PA projection of the skull
- Position
- Landmark
- Position: PA
- Landmark: Orbital Meatal Line is perpendicular to IR.
Describe the central ray for a PA Skull.
- Central Ray exiting at Globella.
What do you see in a PA skull?
The petrous pyramids fill the orbits and you see the posterior and anterior clinoids superior to the ethmoid sinuses.