ChemTest1

Matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition.

• Can be observed without changing composition. 
• Ex: Density, color, odor, taste, hardness, melting point, boiling point, malleability, ductility.

A physical property that is dependent on the amount of matter (mass, weight). Also known as quantitative. 

A physical property that is not dependent on the amount of matter (taste, etc).

• Require a chemical reaction on order to be observed.
• Ability or inability to change into one or more other substances.

Standard Temperature and Pressure

• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas
• Plasma
• All matter can exist in the first three states if conditions allow.

• Definite shape and volume.
• Incompressible.

• Flows.
• Constant volume.
• Takes the shape of the container.
• Particles slide over one another.
• Incompressible.

• Expands to fill entire container.
• Particles are far apart and always moving.
• Easily compressible.
• NOT the same as vapor.

A change in appearance, etc, but not in compostion.

• Involves one or more substances changing into new substances.
• Starting substances are called the reactants, resulting substances are called the products.

Color change, gas production (bubbles, odor), energy changes.

Release of heat.

Absorption of heat.

• Mass is neither created nor destroyed.
• Mass reactants = mass products.

• Consists of only one kind of atom.
• Cannot be broken down by chemical OR physical means.
• Can exist as either atoms or molecules.

• Consists of two or more elements bound together.
• Can be broken down by chemical means, but not physical means.

• Consists of two or more elements a/o compounds physically combined.
• Can be separated by physical means.

• Large particles.
• Does not blend smoothly throughout.
• Substances remain distinguishable.
• Ex: Colloids, suspensions.

• Small particles.
• Constant composition throughout.
• Also called solutions.
• Can be solid, liquid, or gas.

Mixtures can be separated by physical means.

• A technique that uses a pourous barrier to separate suspensions.
• Ex: Mud from water.

Mixture is heated until the substance with the lowest boiling point boils to a vapor that can be condensed.

Formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a saturated solution containing a dissolved substance.

Separates components based on the tendency of each to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material.

Refers to how close a measurement is to an accepted value.

Refers to how close a series of measurements are to one another.

Smallest part of an element that retains the property of that element.

• Smallest particle of a covalent compound that retains properties of that compound. 
• Made of 2 or more atoms.

Individual charged particles in an ionic compound.

Smallest ratio of ions in an ionic compound. 

• A specific amount of a substance.
• Tangible amount.
• Avogadro's Number: 6.02 x 10²³

• Mass of one mole of a substance in grams.
• Can be obtained or calculated from the periodic table.