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What are the 2 types of weathering?
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What is erosion?
the transportation of weathered sediment by water, wind or ice. Water being the most important agent.
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What are the 3 main forms of Mechanical Weathering?
- Frost Wedging
- Sheeting(exfoliation, unloading)
- Root Wedging
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What is Mechanical Weathering?
also called physical weathering, it is breaking down the rock into smaller pieces.
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What is Chemical Weathering?
when rock materials are decomposed by chemical alterations.
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What are the 3 ways Chemical weathering occurs?
- Solution or Dissolution-dissolving by water and carbonic acid(rock salt,gypson,and limestone)
- Hydrolysis-formation of a new material from the original material(granite)(most imortant)
- Oxidation-combining oxygen with mineral"desert varnish"
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3 factors that effect the rate at wich weathering occurs
- Composition-olivine least resistant, quartz most resistant
- Climate-humid is high, desert and snow is low
- Amount of surface area exposed-spheroidal weathering
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What are Joints?
fractures along which no displacement has occurred
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What is regolith
the top blanket of the earths surface(Soil)
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3 facts of sedimentary rocks
- contain economically important minerals
- contains a record of history(fossils)
- makes up 70% of surface rocks
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How are Sedimentary rocks made?
- Weathering
- Transportation
- Sedimentary Differentiation(sorting by wind is most effective)
- Deposition
- Cementation and Compaction(lithification)
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what are sedimentary rocks?
Composed of fragments of other rocks, or chemical precipitates or organic material
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2 groups of sedimentary rocks
- Detrital-consists of rock fragments
- Chemical-consists of precipates and organic material
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4 classes of detrital rocks
- conglomerate(rounded)
- breccia(angular)
- sandstone
- shale(most abundant
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5 classes of precipates
- limestone
- chert(silica)
- Gypsum
- Rock salt
- Coal
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How are sedimentary rocks classified
- Detrital by size and shape of fragments
- Chemical by composition
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