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Rad Physics 1

  1. What is the primary distinquishing charateristic of matter?
    It has mass.
  2. How is mass measured?
    In kilograms(kg).
  3. Define matter.
    • Anything that occupies space and has mass
  4. Define Energy
    The ability to do work.
  5. The tranfer of energy is ________.
    radiation
  6. The removal of an electron from an atom is called _____.
    ionization
  7. X-rays, gamma rays, and ultraviolet light are forms of
    ___________.
    electromagnet radiation.
  8. The largest source of enviornmenal radiation.
    radon
  9. What percentage of our annual radiattion dose is due to medical imaging?
    51%
  10. What was the name of the partially evacuated  glass tube that Roentgen was experimentig with when he discovered x-rays
    Crookes tube
  11. The fluorescent material used to coat the xray plate discovered accidently by Roentgen
    barium platinocyanide
  12. a roentgen(R) is called a __________ in SI units
    and it measures_______.
    air kerma  (Gya), exposure

    J/kg
  13. a rad is called a ____________
    in SI units and measures_________.
    gray(Gyt), absorbed dose

    rad stands for: radiation absorbed dose
  14. A curie(Ci) is called a ______ in SI  units and measures
    ________.
    becquerel, radioactivity
  15. A rem is called a ________ in SI units and measures
    __________.
    sievert, effective dose

    (often used for occupational radiation monitoring)
  16. What is a derived quantity?
    • In physics there are three base quantities: mass, length, and time which are the building blocks of all other quantities. The derived quantities are a combination of one or more of the three base quantities.
    • Examples: length cubed=volume, length/time =velocity
  17. What does rem stand for?
    • radiation equivalent man
    • measures effective dose
    • SI unit:Sievert(Sv)
    • (some places I've seen Roentgen Equivalent Man)
  18. ___________ is the kinetic energy of molecules.
    Heat
  19. _________is the rate of doing work.
    Power
  20. Work /time  or the rate of doing work is __________.
    Power

    (the rate of doing work)
  21. The unit of work
    Joule(J)
  22. the SI unit for Power
    joule/second   J/s
  23. _____________is the kinetic energy transferred from photons to electron during ionization and excitation.
    Air Kerma(Kinetic energy released in mattter) Gya
  24. _______is the quantity of matter as described by it's energy equivalence.
    mass
  25. Energy is measured in
    joules (j)
  26. Energy emitted and transferred through space is called
    _________.
    radiation
  27. Natural enviornmental radiation results in an annual dose of approximately___________.
    3 mSv
  28. Of the three principle radiation controls:
    time, distance, and shielding, which is most important?
    shielding
  29. Radiation exposure is measured in
    Special units:_____________  and
    SI units_____________________.
    C/kg(coulumb/kg), Air kerma(Gya)


    • (old unit the roentgen(R) )
  30. Radiation dose is measured in
    Special units:_______________and
    SI units_____________________.
    J/kg,  Gray(Gyt)


    • (old unit rad)
  31. Effective dose is masured in
    Special units:________________and
    SI units_____________________.
    J/kg,    Sieverts(Sv)

    (old unit rem)
  32. The mass of an object times it's velocity is it's
    ____________.
    • momentum
    • p=mv
  33. Resistance to change in motion is_______________.
    inertia
  34. ____________is the ability to do work.
    energy
  35. The force required to change the state  of motion of an object is ______ proportional to the product of the _____
    and the ____________.
    • directly, mass, acceleration
    • F = ma.
    • NEWTON'S 2ND LAW
  36. For every action there is an _______and_________
    reaction.
    • equal,opposite
    • NEWTON'S 3RD LAW
    • ACTION/REACTION
    • Example:if we step off a boat onto the bank of a lake: as we move in the direction of the shore, the boat tends to move in the opposite direction (leaving us facedown in the water, if we aren't careful!).
  37. Image Upload 2
    Which Newton's law does this illustrate?
    • Newton's 2nd law
    • the law of force
  38. Image Upload 4Which Newton law does this illustrate?
    • Newton's 1st law
    • The law of inertia
  39. what is constant and is symbolized by C:C=3x10^8 m/s?
    Velocity of light
  40. a weight lifted through a height is _______.
    WORK    SI unit is joules(J)

    W=fd    force is expressed in Newtons and distance in Meters
  41. joule per second
    J/s
    power
  42. The equation for power is___________and the SI unit
    is___________.
    P=fd/t         which is the same as work divided by time

    force(newtons) times distance(meters) =work(joules) divided by time in seconds

    SI unit: J/s
  43. Image Upload 6Describe three kinds of heat transfer illlustrated in this picture.
    Image Upload 8
  44. What does ALARA  stand for?
    Image Upload 10
  45. Particulate and electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun and stars are called _______.
    cosmic rays
  46. The ejected electron and the resultant positively charged atom is called the _______.
    ion pair
  47. What are the three components of natural environmental
    radiation?
    • Cosmic rays
    • terrestrial radiation 
    • internally deposited radionucli
  48. terrestrial radiation
    results from deposits of uranium, thorium, and other radionuclides in the Earth
  49. unit that applies only to x-rays and gamma rays and their interactions with air
    Roentgen(R)
  50. A major source of radon is________.
    granite
  51. fast-moving particles capable of ionization
    alpha and beta particles
Author
RadTherapy
ID
172201
Card Set
Rad Physics 1
Description
Rad Physics Chapter 1
Updated

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