RNA VIRUSES THAT CAUSE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS - DR. HOLLAND)

True of false. Most respiratory tract infections are caused by viruses.
True False

What are the 7 mechanisms used to protect the respiratory tract?

What are some properties of the influenza virus?

What are the 7 proteins encoded by the RNA segments of the influenza A virus?

What are the steps in Influenza A virus replication?

Which virulence factor of the Influenza A virus is the most important in regards to infection and immunity?

How is the Influenza A virus hemagglutinin activated?

Describe the hemagglutinin fusion mechanism of the influenza A virus.

What is the main function of Influenza A virus neuraminidase?

What is the main target used by antivirals for Influenza A virus? Name the most common drug used for Influenza A virus?

What are the 2 types of antigenic variation used by the Influenza A virus?

What mechanism contributes to the high pathogenicity of the Avian Influenza H5N1 virus?

Which RNA virus has "helical symmetry", is enveloped, and is single stranded with a single segment?

What 2 glycoproteins do most paramyxoviruses have? (exceptions are measles virus and respiratory synctial virus (RSV))

A man brings his 7-year old son into your office with concerns about his son's swollen cheeks, fever, headache and ear pain. He tells you that his son has been like this for the past week and when the symptoms didn't go away he decided to bring him in. He goes on to tell you that his son has not been vaccinated due to fear of the potential side effects of vaccines. What is the diagnosis and what virus is most likely involved? How could this infection have been prevented?

A woman brings her 2-year old daughter into your office with concerns about her daughter's 103 degree (F) fever and diarrhea. She tellls you that her daughter just doesn't seem to be feeling well, has been coughing a lot, and developed a rash about a week ago that began on her face and spread to her trunk and limbs. You exam the child and find Koplik's spots on her buccal mucosa. She also has inflammation of the conjunctiva. What is the diagnosis and what virus is most likely involved in this infection?

A. Mononucleosis, EBV
B. Mumps, Rubulavirus
C. Flu, Influenza A
D. Measles, measles (rubeola) virus

A young child, who has not been vaccinated, is brought into your office with major lymph node swelling, a fever of 38 degrees (C), and a maculopapular rash. What is the the most likely diagnosis and what virus is involved in the infection? How could this infection have been prevented?

What are the most common birth defects associated with congenital rubella syndrome?

A 5-year old boy is brought into your office and presents with laryngitis, a "barking cough", stridor, hoarseness, fever, and N/V. What is the likely diagnosis and what virus is involved?

A. Mumps, Mumps virus
B. Croup; human parainfluenzavirus
C. Pertussis (Whooping cough), B. pertussis
D. Flu, Influenza A virus

Bronchiolitis is life threating in _____ and can be caused by many viruses, such as _____ (3 words), _____ (2 words), and _____. It may even progress to _____.

What are the 2 main paramyxovirus zoonoses that can be transmitted from animals to humans?

What are the most common viral causes of pneumonia in young children? Older children? Adults?

What viruses are often associated with the common cold?

A 22-year old woman comes into your office with complaints of a runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing and coughing. She has no fever and she says that she's had these symptoms for about a week. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which RNA virus causes infection of the skin and mucosa?