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Techniques for Head/Neck Assessment
- oInspection
- oPalpation
- oPercussion
- oAuscultation
- o Also, perform health history
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Inspection of Head:
Head, Hair, Scalp
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Inspection of Face:
- Cranial Nerve VII (Facial)
 - Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal)
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Inspection of the Nose:
- oVisual, Nasoscopic exam
- oSeptum, turbinates
- oSinuses, Cranial Nerve 1
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Inspection of the Eyes:
- o CNII- Acuity
- o Pupillary Reaction (direct, consensual)
- o Accommodation (converge, constrict)
- o EOMs (check nystagmus)- CN III, IV, and VI -6 fields of gaze
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Ophthalmoscopic Exam
- Dark RoomBegin at zero
- Keep both your eyes open
- Right, right, right/ left, left, left
- Normal Findings-
- Clear Yellow optic disc
- Reddish retina
- Light red arteries
- Dark red veins
- Veins 1.5X > arteries
- Initial landmark- red reflex (See page 621)
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Ear Inspection:
- Acuity- CN VII
- Weber Test
- Rinne Test
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Otoscope Exam:
- Adult- up and back
- Child- down and back
- Right ear- tympanic membrane TM- 5 o’clock;
- Left ear- 7 o’clock
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Mouth Inspection Consists of:
- Lips
- Mucosa
- Gums
- Teeth
- Hard palate
- Tongue- Inspect, CN XII
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Pharynx is affected by what nerves:
CN IX (Glossopharyngeal) and X (Vagus)
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Neck Inspection:
- CN XI- Spinal Accessory
- Lymph Nodes
- Preauricular
- Posteriorauricular
- Occipital
- Tonsillar
- Submaxillary
- Submental
- Posterior
- Cervical
- Deep
- Cervical
- Supraclavicular
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Trachea/Thyroid Inspection:
- Palapate to detect deviation
- *Posterior / Anterior approach
- *Should feel soft and elastic
- *Palpate for nodules
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Inspection of Vessels:
- Carotid arteries
- Jugular veins
- Inspection
- Palpation
- Auscultation
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