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A physical combination of 2 or more substances that does not have a uniform composition
heterogenous mixture
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The first step in the scientific method is
to make an observation
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One ml is the same as
1 centimeter cubed
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What are some physical properties?
- Color
- Density
- Hardness
- Solubility
- phase change
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what are some chemical changes?
Reactions with water and oxygen. Combustable.
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Organic chemistry is?
the chemistry that involves carbon compounds
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Sodium Chloride NaCl is an example of
a pure substance compound
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phase change from gas to liquid is
condensation
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SI stands for
international system
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Pure substances are either
compounds or elements
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is melting, freezing, and evaporating a chemical change or physical change?
physical
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Units of mass are
Grams, kilograms..
-
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How many significant figures are in 12.000
5 because trailing zeros count if there is a decimal in the problem
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Getting the outcome or value that you are supposed to get is the
accuracy
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Freezing point of water in Fahrenheit is...
32 degrees
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data that is consistent time after time and is mathematically measurable is
Natural law
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Biochemistry involves
chemicals in living organisms like hormones and enzymes
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Evidence of a chemical reaction can be...
permanent color change, release of gas, forming a precipitate, giving off or taking in heat, giving off light, forming water
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a physical combination of two or more substances
mixture
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blue elements on the periodic table are ... at room temp?
Liquid
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what does ductile mean?
stretched into a wire
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the difference between a law and a theory is
a law is measurable
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how many milli's are in one Kilo?
1,000,000
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reproducibility of measurements is the
precision
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The scientist that first organized scientific research into a format now called the scientific method is...
Robert Boyle
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Matter is...
Any thing that has mass and occupies space
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how many significant figures are in 12000?
2 because the trailing 0s don't count if there is no decimal in the problem
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mass is measured with a
balance
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what NONmetal is liquid at room temp?
Br (Bromine)
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how many milli are in one base?
1000
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Formula for finding specific heat is..
heat energy / mass * change in the temp
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Define: Alloy
a homogenous mixture of 2 or more metals.
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chemistry is the study of
the composition and property of matter
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the symbol for micro is
(MU) u
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Units of weight
pounds, newton
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boiling point of water in Kelvin
373
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heat energy can be measured in
calories, joules, and kilojoules
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Early chemists that were involved with mysticism and experimentation were called
Alchemist
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Oil water and sand are examples of...
heterogenous mixtures
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Weight is
the effect of gravity
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round off 120055 to 4 significant figures. .
120100
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Freezing point of water in Kelvin
273
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How many sig figs are in 0.000120
3 because leading zeros never count and there is a decimal so the trailing zeros DO count
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Methods of physcially seperating mixtures
Distillation, filtration, magnetism, evaporation
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Formula for finding the mass if you know the volume and density
d*v=m
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if the mass of the reactants if 4 grams hydrogen and 15 grams of oxygen, how much water can be made?
19 grams of water
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weight is measured with a
spring scale
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what does malleable mean?
bendable
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Phase change from a gas to a solid is called
deposition (skips the liquid phase)
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What are the properties of metals?
shiny, good conductors, high density, solid at room temp, malleable and ductile.
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What metal is liquid at room temp?
Hg (mercury)
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What do the black symbold on the periodic table represent?
They are solid at room temp
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chemical combination of two or more substances
compound
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the fromula for finding the density is
mass/volume
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how many micros are in one base
1,000,000
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How many sig figs are in 1256
four
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SI unit of mass is
Kilogram
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Phase change from solid to a liquid is called
melting
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SI unit for temp is
Kelvin
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How many base units are in one Kilo?
1,000
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SI unit for number of some thing is
mole
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Any attempt to explain your observation is the
hypothesis
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Salt water and air are examples of
homogenous mixtures
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the simplest pure substance that cannot be broke down any further is
an element
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A physcial combination of a substance that has uniform composition
an element
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Round 40915 to 3 sig figs
40900
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Phase change from solid to gas is
sublimation ( skips liquid phase)
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law of conservation of mass is
matter is neither created or destroyed it just changes from one thing to another
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the density of water at 4 degrees celsius is
1.0 g/ml
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how many sig figs are in 12001
5 because captive zeros always count
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What elements are SEMI metals?
B, Si, As, Te, At, Po and some times Ge
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Boiling point of water in celsius is
100 degrees
-
freezing point of water in celsuis is
0 degrees
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the measure of average kenitic energy of a substance is the
temperature
-
the four states of matter are
Gas, Liquid, Solid, and plasma
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Is chewing food a chemical or physcial reaction
physical
-
data that attempts to explain a natural phenomena is a
natural theory
-
Is dissolving some thing a physical or chemical reaction
physcial
-
the amount of mass a substance has in a given volume is the
Density
-
A heat calorie is defined as
the amount of heat energy that it takes to change one gram (ml) of water 1 degree celsius
-
the formula for finding the specific gravity is
density of the substance/density of water at 4 degrees celsius
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Al(C2H3O2)3 has how many total atoms?
22 total
-
red element on the periodic table are
gas at room temp
-
one calorie = ___ joules
4.184
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the composition of what some thing is made of is its
Mass
-
The state of matter that has the most kenitic energy is the
gas (excluding plasma)
-
Formula for changing celsius to fahrenheit
F = (9/5C) +32
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Specific heat is
The amount of energy it takes to change one gram of any substance to one degree celsius
-
Formula for changing fahrenheit to celsius
C = 5/9 (F-32)
-
Define temperature
The measurement of the average Kinetic energy within a system
-
Natural law is often expressed as a...
Mathematical equation
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Science can be defined as
the methodical exploration of nature followed by a logical explanation of the observation
-
Biochemistry
the chemistry of substances derived from plants and animals
-
no instrement of measurement is...
exact
-
Accuracy
the closeness of a measurement to the true value
-
Percision
Reflects the reproducibility of a measurement
-
Time is defined in terms
seconds
-
Intensive property
independent of the size of the sample
-
Specigic gravity
- the ratio of the density of a liquid to the density of water at 4 degrees C
-
- D 4ºC
- DH2O = 1.000g/cm3
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Heat
The form of energy that is transferred between samples of matter because of a difference in temp
-
A compound
Can be broken down into elements by an ordinary chemical reaction
-
Non metals
- low density
- low melting point
- poor conductors of heat and electricity
- In the solid state they are dull and are not malleable or ductile
-
Law of definite composition
Compounds always contain the same elements in a constant proportion by mass
-
Examples of chemical changes
- Digesting food
- A rotting banana
- toasting bread
- burning gasoline
-
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