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What is the general function of the frontal lobe?
higher-order heteromodal association cortex (mostly prefrontal cortex.
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What is the important role of the frontal lobe?
restraining behaviors, initiative, order & sequence.
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What is the function of the broca's area?
- Region of speech production in dominant hemisphere.
- (95% right hander, and 70% left handers
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Frontal sulci
- Superior divides the superior frontal gyrus and the middle frontal gyrus
- Inferior seperates the middle and the inferior frontal gyrus.
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Motor Homunculus represents? Location? point of origin?
- Located in the precentral gyrus
- represents body regions in the primary motor cortex; point of origin of the corticospinal tract.
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What does the central sulcus separate?
Pre- and post-central gyrus.
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What is the general function f the temporal lobe?
- Auditory perception, language perception;
- plays a key role in the formation of long-term memories (via the hippocampus)
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What is the function of the lateral sulcus?
It separates the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal lob.
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What is the function of the Wernicke's area?
Comprehension of language in the dominant hemisphere; it encircles the primary auditory cortex.
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What is the function of primary auditory cortex
process auditory input, including volume and pitch.
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What is the function of the insula?
- it is the interoceptive center;
- regulation of emotions, autonomic, motor and sensory processing.
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What is the general function of the parital lobe?
Integrates sensory information, including modalities that determine spatial relationship.
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What is the function of the somatosensory cortex?
- the sensory homunculus is present in the postcentral gyrus.
- (Brodmann areas 3,1, and 2)
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Post-central sulcus
Posterior to the post central gyrus. Separates the post central gyrus from the parietal lobule
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Intraparital sulcus
- Horizontal and oblique portions
- cortical areas surrounding it are involved in numerical spatial and symbols perception
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General function of the occipital lobe and visual cortex
processing of visual input, including color, frequency of electromagnetic waves, and spatial relationships.
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Function of the corpus callosum?
- largest cerebral commissural fiber bundle;
- interconnects the cerebral hemispheres
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What is th function of the cingulate gyrus?
involved in limbic circuitries (including papez)
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Paracentral gyri
supplementary motor area (involve in motor planning)
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Marginal sulcus
Separates the paracentral gyri from the precuneus
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Precuneus function
Regulates visuospatial imagery; episodic memory; visual imagery of self.
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Parieto-occipital sulcus
separates the parietal and occipital lobes
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Cuneus function
provides with basic visual processing
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Calcarine sulcus
primary visual cortex location
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What is the straight sulcus?
- Part of the frontal lobe
- function is unclear
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Olfactory sulcus
groove occupied by olfactory nerve
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olfactory nerve
- CN I
- provides olfaction; purely sensory
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Optic Nerve
- Conveys visual input, purely sensor.
- Nasal fibers of CN II decussate at the chiasm, and becomes the optic tract.
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Orbital gyri
- Associated with vagal processing.
- Inferior temporal gyrus: involved in complex visual processing
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Occipitotemporal gyri
- involved in visual processing;
- recognition of the face and body.
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Parahippocampal Gyrus
processing of visual bakcground and scenery
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Uncus
- Anterior flexure of the parahippocampal gyrus.
- Point of origin of seizures with olfactory hallucinations
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perforated substances
Gray matter with multiple openings for arteries supplying internal capsule and other structures
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