What are two general mechanisms involved in homeostatic regulation
Autoregulation
Extrinsic regulation
Define Autoregulation
occurs when a cell, a tissue, an organ, or an organ system adjusts its activites automatically in response to some environmental change
An example of Autoregulation
Whn oxygen levels decline in a tissue, the cells release chemicals that widen local blood vessles. This dilation increases the rate of blood flow and provides more oxygen to the region
Define Extrinsic regulation
results from the activites of the nervous system or endocrine system, two organ systems that control or adjust the activities of many other systems simultaneously
An example of Extrinsic regulation
When you excersize, your nervous system issues commands that increase your heart rate so that blood will circulate faster
Three parts of a homeostatic regulatory mechanism
receptor
control center
effector
What is a receptor?
a sensor that is sensitive to a particular stimulus or environmental change
What is a control center
recieves and processes the information supplied by the receptor and sends out commands
What is an effector
a cell or organ that responds to the commands of the control center and whose activity either opposes or enhances the stimulus
What is negative feedback
a way for counteracting an effect and provides long-term control over the body's internal conditions and systems.
What is the primary mechanism of homeaostatic regulation?
Negative feedback
What is positive feedback
an intial stimulus produces a response that exaggerates or enhances the original change in conditions rather than opposing it
When are positive feedback loops typically found?
they are typically found when a potentially dangerous or stressful process must be completed quickly before homeostasis can be restored