BrainStem and Cranial Nerves Lecture

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What are the general neurological functions mediated in the brainstem?
- Necessary for:
- Survival (Breathing, digestion, HR, BP)
- & Arousal (being awake and alert)
What cranial nerves emerge from the brainstem?

CN 3-12 all do
What must ALL ascending and descending fiber tracts pass through?
- Must pass through brainstem.
- From peripheral nerves and spinal cord to a higher center.
What are the divisions of the Brainstem?
- Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla Oblongata
What is the loation of the brainstem?

posterior cranial fossa
What are the boundaries (rostral and caudal) of the BS?

From Midbrain-diencephalic junction at the tentorium cerebelli to the cervicomedullary junction at the foramen magnum
What CN(s) emerge from the forebrain?
- I -olfactory
- II - optic
What CN(s) emerge from the midbrain?
- III - occulomotor
- IV - trochlear
What CN(s) emerge from the pons?

V - trigeminal
What CN(s) emerge from the pontomedullary junction?
- VI - Abducens
- VII - Facial
- VIII - Vestibulocochlear
What CN(s) emerge from the medulla oblongata?
- IX - glossopharyngeal
- X - Vagus
- XI - Spinal Accessory
- XII - Hypoglossal
What CN(s) leave the POST BS?
- IV - trochlear
- Posterior Pons
What is the most rostal and caudal portions of the center of the pons called?
- Rostral - Cerebral aqueduct
- Caudal - obex
What is the relationship between the vagal and hypoglossal trigone?

Hypoglossal is medial and superior to the vagal trigone
Where is the 4th ventrical located in the BS?

In the Pons
What landmarks are on the Anterior side of the midbrain?
- Tegmentum - Cerebral peduncles
- &
- interpeuncular fossa
What landmarks are on the POST side of the midbrain?

Tectum (superior and INF colliculi)
What forms the tectum?

The superior and inferior colliculi
The is the ANT side of the Pons called?

Basis Pontis
What is the POST side of the Pons?

4th ventricle
What is on the dorsolateral Pons
- CereBELLar peduncles
- (SUP, Middle, INF)
What is on the Anterior side of the Medulla oblongata?
- Pyramids and pyramidal Decussation
- Olives
What is on the POST side of the Medulla Oblongata?

Ncli/ fasciculi Cuneatus / gracilis
What CN(s) exit through the cribiform plate?

I - olfactory
What CN(s) exit through the optic canal

II - Optic nerve
What CN(s) exit through the superior orbital fissure
- III - occulomotor
- IV - trochlear
- V1 -opthalmic portion of Trigeminal
- VI - abducens
What CN(s) exit through the foramen rotundum

V2 - Maxillary portion of Trigeminal
What CN(s) exit through the Foramen Ovale

V3 - Mandibular portion of Trigeminal
What CN(s) exit through the auditory canal
- VII - Facial (to face through the stylomastoid foramen)
- VIII - vestibulocochlear
What CN(s) exit through the Jugular foramen?
- IX - glossopharyngeal
- X - Vagus
- XI - Spinal Accessory
What CN(s) exit through the Hypoglossal canal?

XII - hypoglossal

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tjminnie

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BrainStem and Cranial Nerves Lecture

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Something is wrong with you medulla oblongata

Updated

2012-09-12T02:49:52Z

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