1. Home
  2. Flashcards
  3. Preview

sydneysara55

  1. Cells maintain homeostasis by controlling the ________ of substances across the __________ bilayer
    • Movement
    • Lipid
  2. What is the cell membrane made up of
    Phospholipid
  3. What is the phospholipid made up of
    A head and a tail
  4. The phosphate head is both
    polar and hydrophilic
  5. this means attracted to water
    hydrophilic
  6. The 2 fatty tails are
    non-polar and hydrophobic
  7. This means afraid of water
    hydrophobic
  8. What are the 2 things that phospholipids allow to pass through inot or out of the cell
    • water
    • nonpolar molecules
  9. The passing of water and nonpolar molecules into or out of the cell is known as
    simple diffusion
  10. Describe simple diffusion
    Simple diffusion does not require energy and the water or molecules are moving down the concentration gradient
  11. What is embedded in the phospholipid bilayer
    proteins
  12. What do proteins aid in
    diffusion and cell recognition
  13. What attaches to help cells recognize each other and certain molecules
    Carbs
  14. Membrane proteins have name tags that are made of
    Carbs
  15. What is reached when all the randomly moving molecules of a solution fill a space evenly
    Equilibrium
  16. The movement of substances down the concentration gradient is known as
    diffusion
  17. When the movement of water from an area of high concentration to a area of low concentration, it is called
    osmosis
  18. This diffusion relies on proteins to move large particles across the membrane
    Facilitated
  19. In facilitated diffusion, what is moved across the membrane
    Large particles
  20. This requires lots of energy to move substances across the cell membrane
    Active transport
  21. Lots of what is required in active transport to move substances
    energy
  22. In active transport, how are substances moved
    Against the concentration gradient, from a area of low concentration to a area of high concentration
  23. Name the 4 functions of the cell membrane
    • Keep things in the cell
    • Keep things out of the cell
    • Supports cytoplasm
    • Helps maintain constancy
  24. List the 3 types of passive transport
    • Simple diffusion
    • Faciliatated diffusion
    • Osmosis
  25. Name 2 types of active transport from the book
    • Endocytosis
    • Exocytosis
  26. Attracts Water
    Phosphate heads (round with tails)
  27. Repels Water
    Fatty acid tails (long strings that hang from the round phosphate heads)
  28. Help transport certain materials across the membrane
    Protein (large oblong shapes embedded around the head and fatty acid tails)
  29. Involved in cell to cell recognition
    Carb chain (round objects that are connected together)
  30. Make up the lipid bilayer
    Phospholipid bilayer
  31. This helps cells to maintain water balance
    Osmosis
  32. What direction does water move across membranes
    Down the concentration gradient
  33. Has the same solute concentration that cytoplasm does
    isotonic
  34. higher solute concentration than cytoplasm does
    hypertonic
  35. Lower solute concentration than cytoplasm does
    hypotonic
  36. Plant cell with good turgor pressure
    Isotonic
  37. Red blood cell bursts (cytolysis
    Hypotonic
  38. Plant cell loses turgor pressure (plasmolysis)
    Hypertonic
  39. Means a GREATER concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cell than inside
    Hypertonic
  40. Means there is a LOWER concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cell than inside
    Hypotonic
  41. Means there is the SAME concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cell as inside
    Isotonic
  42. The pressure inside a plant cell caused by water pushing against the cell wall is called
    Turgor pressure
  43. The swelling and bursting of animal cells when water enters is called
    Lyse
  44. Lyse happens when a cell is placed in
    Isotonic solution
  45. When a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it causes the osmotic pressure to
    increase
  46. The SHRINKING of plant cells when water leaves so the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall is called
    plasmalisis
  47. Plasmalisis happens when a plant cell is placed into
    hypertonic solution
  48. When water leaves a plant cell, the osmotic pressure will
    decrease
  49. The shrinking of ANIMAL cells that are placed in a HYPERTONIC solution is called
    shriveling
  50. Why do cells stay the same when placed in a ISOTONIC solution
    Because the amount of water leaving the cell is the same as the amount of water entering
Author
sydneysara55
ID
170334
Card Set
sydneysara55
Description
Biology Test 2
Updated

  1. Home
  2. Flashcards
  3. Preview