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What is microbiology Microbiology
study of small living things.
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What are Microbes, and where do they exist?
independent life forms, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, and exist free living in the environment, or colonize a host.
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Microbes and metabolism
they are metaboliccaly diverse, and improtant in NUTRIENT cycling, ex huge in the soil and water
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Chemotroph vs phototroph
chemotrophs- get energy from chemicals, phototrophs get energy from light.
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Origin of life
microbes are the oldest forms of life on Earth and they created an oxygenated atmosphere.
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Bacteria can act as a symbiont.
examples are other microbes, plants, invertebrates, insects, animals (Ruminants)
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Structure of major Bacterial components.
- Cytoplamic membrane
- Flagella
- Pilli
- Capsule
- Cell wall
- -Peptidoglycan
- -Gram + vs Gram - bacteria
- -lipolosyccharide
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Procaryotes vs Eucaryotes
- SIZE (.1-3 micro meter) smaller than eukaryotes 5micro metter
- NO membrane bound organnells
- lack nucleus, mitochondria, ER, golgin ect.
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Genomes Bacterial vs Eukaryotik
- Bacterial
- -haploid (no diploid)
- -one chromosome of dbl stranded, super-coiled circular DNA
- -no nuclear membrane
- -free DNA in cytoplasm (reion is called nucleoid)
- -organized in 40-50 coiled loops
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Plasmids
- small circular DNA that is extra chromosomal DNA
- may confer antibiotic resistance
- toxicity/virulenc genes
- asexual
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