Unit 2 (Recorded Detail & Distortion)

the shadow (blurriness) around the edges of the part being x-rayed

what are the two geometric properties effecting the image?

if you increase the SID will penumbra increase or decrease?

if you increase OID will the penumbra increase or decrease?

if you increase the part thickness, will the penumbra increase or decrease?

if the recorded detail is increase, has the penumbra increased or decreased?

misrepresentation of size and shape of the structures being examined

name three terms that are synonymous with recorded detail

do sharpness, spatial resolution, and detail have direct or indirect relationships with recorded detail?

name three factors that determine spatial resolution

the number of the shades of gray offered

what spatial resolution factor is on the Z axis?

the whole field of view

what spatial resolution factor is on the Y axis?

what spatial resolution factor is on the X axis?

if you decrease pixel size, will the resolution increase or decrease?

if you increase the matrix, will the number of pixels increase or decrease?

if you increase the matrix, will the pixels get smaller or larger?

if you decrease bit depth, do you increase or decrease resolution?

what unit is used to measure resolution?

what instrument is used to measure resolution?

name the six ways of accessing recorded detail

the ability of an imaging system to accurately display objects in two dimensions

if there is an increase in OID, you can compensate by:

name four ways to improve spatial resolution

how do you measure spatial frequency?

you have better resolution when you have a higher or lower frequency?

PSF/LSF/ESF all have direct or indirect relationships with resolution?

what is a digital term for penumbra?

does MTF have a direct or indirect relationship to spatial frequency?

on the MTF scale, what represents the image close to perfect?

as you move closer to 0 and away from 1 on the MTF scale, do you gain or lose accuracy?

if you have an increase in noise, has the resolution increased or decreased?

what is another name for noise?

background information received by the image receptor

what do you do to contrast and noise to get the best resolution?

which offers the least amount of frequency?
A. muscle
B. bone
C. tendon
D. adipose

in digital sampling, what pattern is desirable?

in digital sampling, which pattern is not desirable?

if the nyquist pattern is met, will the resolution be higher or lower?

if you eliminate motion, will the recorded detail increase or decrease?

if you reduce OID, will the recorded detail increase or decrease?

if you increase focal spot size, will recorded detail increase or decrease?

if you reduce intensifying screen phosphor size, will recorded detail increase or decrease?

if you increase phosphor concentration, will you increase or decrease recorded detail?

if you decrease SID, will you increase or decrease recorded detail?

what are the three types of motion?

name two ways to minimize involuntary motion effects

if you reduce focal spot size, does the resolution increase or decrease?

name two ways distance can affect resolution

which of the following will cast the greatest amount of penumbra?
A. sphere
B. trapezoid
C. cylinder

the true representation of the object

how do you calculate penumbra?

if you increase phosphor layer thickness, will the resolution increase or decrease?

what controls quantum mottle?

what is the major limitation of Indirect Digital System?

what three factors affect the resolving power of intensifying screens?

what are the two types of distortion?

size distortion is affected by:

shape distortion is affected by:

if you decrease OID, will magnification distortion increase or decrease?

if you decrease SID, will magnification distortion increase or decrease?

the size of a part at the image receptor will always be __________ than the actual size of the part.

name two forms of alignment

name two aspects of angulation

if you increase SID, does size distortion increase or decrease?

if you increase OID, does size distortion increase or decrease?

to calculate size distortion (magnification factor):

to calculate object size:

always remember the object will always be ________ than the image

to calculate percentage of magnification:

to minimize shape distortion, how should the central ray (CR) be aligned?

to minimize shape distortion, how should the anatomical part be aligned?

to minimize shape distortion, how should the image receptor be aligned?

projects the object so it appears to be longer

projects the object so it appears to be shorter

how is elongation achieved?

how is foreshortening achieved?

as the severity of the degree of angulation increases, does the shape distortion increase or decrease?

as the severity of the direction of the angulation increases, does the shape distortion increase or decrease?

name two examples of using misalignment to the radiographers advantage

if patient thickness is increased, is size distortion increased or decreased?