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Bacteria Specific

  1. S. aureus
    • Gram+ Cocci
    • Aerobic/ fac.Anaerobe
    • Culture:  gold
    • Hemolytic:  B (y)
    • Lab ID:  Catalase+, Coagulase+, Mannitol+
    • non-motile
    • Surface:  Prot. A (Fc), Capsule, teichoic (sebaceous)
    • Toxin:  
    • -TSST-1 (superAg): ^^^IL-2
    • -Entertoxin: A-E,G,J,K (food poison)
    • -Leukocidin:  lyse WBC
    • -Exfoliative toxin A,B:  cleave filaggrins 
    • Disease:
    • -Beta-lactamase+
    • -Nosocomial MRSA
    • -Abscess:  coagulase, capsule
    • -Suppurative: furuncle/carbuncle
    • -Osteomyelitis/Arthitis:  
    • -Ritter's Disease (SSSS):  granulosum-corneum
    • -TSS:  TSST-1 or enterotoxin B
  2. S. epidermidis
    • Gram+ Cocci
    • Aerobic
    • Procurement contam.
    • Capsule:  P/SA
    • Hemolytic:  y
    • Lab ID:  Catalase+, Coagulase(-)
    • Disease:
    • -Beta-lactamase+
    • -Prosthetic Contam:  Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis
  3. S. saprophyticus
    • Gram+ Cocci
    • Aerobic
    • Lab ID:  Catalase+, Coagulase (-)
    • Disease:  UTI in young women
  4. S. pyogenes
    • Gram+ Cocci:  Group A
    • Anaerobe (facultative)
    • Hemolytic:  B
    • Lab ID:  Bacitracin "A" Disk, Catalase(-), ^gr 5%CO2
    • Surface:  
    • -Capsule, C5a peptidase, F-prot, C carb
    • -M prot: ^^^virul: bind fibrinogen (inh phago/intracell kill, adhere to epiT), 80 serotypes
    • Enzymes: 
    • -Streptokinase: ^fibrinolytic system (prevent barrier)
    • -Streptolysin O&S:  lyse RBC/platelets
    • -Spreading Factors:  liquify exudate (hyaluron. etc)
    • Toxins:  Phage-med.
    • -SPE A&B:(strep pyrogenic exotox) superAg, Scarlet Fever rash
    • Disease:
    • -Rheumatic Fever (M1,3,5):  Verrucae, Glomerulonephr
    • -Hyperinvasive (M1-3,12,28):  
    • -Scarlet Fever:  SPE A&B
    • -Strep TSS:  SPE A&B
    • -Pharyng/tonsillitis
    • -Erysipelas, Cellulitis
  5. S. agalactiae
    • Gram+ Cocci:  Group B
    • Anaerobe (facultative)
    • GI/GU of preg women
    • Hemolytic:  B
    • Lab ID:  CAMP Factor+(synerg w/ S.aureus), smooth white colony, Catalase (-)
    • Enzymes:  Hemolysin, degradative E's
    • Disease:  anti-capsular Ab's effective
    • -Puerperal Sepsis(childbed fever): endometr,bacteremia/uria
    • -Neonatal/late-onset: mening, bacteremia, pneum.
    • -Immcomp pt (HIV, diabetic, renal insuff)
    • -66% not assoc w/ the above
  6. S. pneumoniae
    • Gram+ Cocci:  
    • Anaerobe (facultative)
    • Hemolytic:  a
    • Catalase (-)
    • Lab ID:  Optochin Disk, Bile soluble, Quellung Rxn, Lancet diplococci
    • Surface:  
    • -Capsule: monosacch repeat (23 serotype for vaccine)
    • Enzymes:  
    • -IgA protease, Hyaluronidase
    • -Neuraminadase: Nan A&B
    • Toxins:
    • -Pneumolysin: endotox (lysed): create pores, inh Ox Burst, ^complement, ^cytokine, inh cilia
    • Disease:  Serotype 3 (thickest caps)
    • -Pneum: abrupt, chill, pleurisy
    • -Otitis media, Sinusitis, Endocarditis
    • -Meningitis
  7. Viridans Streptococci
    • Gram+ Cocci:  
    • Anaerobe (facultative)
    • Catalase (-)
    • Hemolytic:  a 
    • nl oropharynx flora 
    • Disease:
    • -50% of Endocarditis
  8. Mutans Streptococci
    • Gram+ Cocci
    • Anaerobe (facultative)
    • Catalase (-)
    • Hemolytic:  a
    • Surface:  adhesins for enamel  
    • Disease:
    • -Dental Caries: ^plaques, sucrose->acetic/lactic A.
  9. Enterococcus
    • Gram+ Cocci
    • Anaerobe (facultative)
    • Hemolytic:  a,B,y 
    • Lab ID:  Catalase (-)
    • -Esculin in 40% bile+Fe: Black
    • -6.5% NaCl
    • Surface:  
    • -Lipoteich (^TNFa/INF)
    • -Esp: (enterococc surf.prot) Biofilm, evade Ab's
    • -Aggreg Subst: pheromone->clump/mating
    • Enzymes: 
    • -Cytolysin:  gram+ & eukar.
    • -Bacteriocin:  broad spectrum
    • -Gelatinase:  cleave C3, ^biofilm
    • Disease:
    • -Gastroenteritis, Endocard, UTI, Bacteremia, Neonatal sepsis
    • E. durans
    • E. faecalis:  80-90%
    • E. faecium:  10-15%
  10. B. anthracis
    • Gram+ Rod
    • Aerobic
    • Hemolytic:  y  
    • Lab ID:  Catalase+, Bamboo, Medusa's Head, Boxcar, non-motile
    • Capsule:  pXO2 (plasmid-med)
    • -Protein (D-glutamic polym): inh Ab/complem
    • Enzymes: 
    • Toxins:  Plasmid-med.  
    • -Anthrax:  pXO1
    • -PA: pore
    • -EF: (adenyl cyclase) deplete ATP, inh NFkB
    • -LF: (cleave MAPKK) cell lysis
    • Disease:  Butcher, inhale: spores germ in macros
    • -Cutaneous: 95%, edema/eschar, adenopathy
    • -Inhaled: Widen Mediastinum (hemorr necr/effus)
    • -GI: veget cells in undercook meat: ulcer, Acute Abd, bloody diarrhea
  11. B. cereus
    • Gram+ Rod
    • Aerobic
    • Hemolytic:  B
    • Lab ID:  catalase+, motile, no capsule, central spore  
    • Surface:  
    • Enzymes: hemolysin BL, collagenase, PLC
    • Enterotoxins:  
    • -Emetic:  heat stable 1-5 hr
    • -Diarrhea:  heat labile 8-16 hr (^cAMP in enterocytes)
    • Disease:
    • -Food Poisoning:  spores germ in cool food
    • -Rapid Eye Toxicity:  
  12. B. subtilis
    • Gram+ Rod
    • Aerobic
    • Lab contaminant
  13. C. perfringens
    • Gram+ Rod:  Clostridium
    • Strict Anaerobe
    • Colon flora
    • Hemolytic:  Double-hemolytic 
    • Lab ID:  Boxcar, Malodorous, non-motile
    • -Nagler's Rxn:  Ab to a-toxin inh gr)
    • -Egg-Yolk Agar:  lecithinase--> halo
    • Surface:  
    • Enzymes: 
    • Toxins:  a/theta-toxin (hemolysis) Enterotox (heat-labile)  
    • Disease:  5 serotypes (A-E)
    • -Gas Gangrene: myonecrosis from exotoxins
    • -Clostridial Cellulitis
    • -Serot A:  Food poisoning from heat-labile enterotoxin in undercooked meat:  watery diarrhea (8-24 hr)
    • -Serot C:  Necro.Enterocolitis (>24 hr)
  14. C. tetani
    • Gram+ Rod:  Clostridium
    • Strict Anaerobe
    • Lab ID: raised/irreg colony, drumstick, motile
    • Toxins:
    • -Tetanospamin: cleave to A(lc)/B(hc) w/ disulfide: inh GABA/Gly release  
    • Disease:  Spores germ in ischemic wound
    • -Opisthotonus, Trismus
  15. C. botulinum
    • Gram+ Rod: Clostridium
    • Strict Anaerobe  
    • Lab ID: oval sub-term spore, motile    
    • Toxins:  
    • -Botulinum Tox: A,B,E in human (A=US, B=fish): inh ACh release
    • Disease:  consume toxin
    • -Flaccid Paralysis
    • -Floppy Baby: (honey) spores germ in GI
  16. C. difficile
    • Gram+ Rod: Clostridium
    • Strict Anaerobe 
    • Motile, nl colon flora
    • Lab ID:  oval subterm spore
    • Toxins:  
    • -A: enterotox 
    • -B: actin breakdown 
    • Disease:  Overgrow w/ AB pressure
    • -Diarrhea, fever, leukocytosis
    • -Toxic Megacolon
    • -Pseudomembranes
  17. C. diphtheriae
    • Gram+ Rod:  Corynebacterium
    • Aerobe/ fac. Anaerobe
    • Hemolytic:  a,b,y
    • Lab ID:  "Chinese Lettering", pleomorphic, catalase+
    • -Cystine/K2TeO3: inh nl flora, Black colony
    • -Loeffler Medium: methylene blue-> metachromatic granules
    • non-motile, non-spore
    • Toxins:  Phage-med.
    • -Diphtheria Tox: endocytosed-acidify endosome, A/B dissoc:  A inact. EF-2.
    • Disease:
    • -Local: Pharyngitis->Pseudomembranes->Lymphadenopathy
    • -Syst: phage-med tox->blood: Myocard,periph/cranial N(slur,paralysis), Adrenal hypofxn
    • -Cutaneous: tropic/homeless, necrotic lesion w/ dirty gray membrane
  18. L. monocytogenes
    • Gram+ Rod
    • Aerobic
    • Hemolytic:  B   
    • Lab ID:  Catalase+, Umbrella, tumbling
    • soil/water/plant/animal/Unpasteurized Dairy
    • Exotoxins:  
    • -Listeriolysin O: pores in PM/lysosomes
    • -PLC
    • Disease:  phago by monocytes->Ag recogn act. CMI
    • -Food-borne (diarr/cramps), Flu-like, endocard, meningitis (neonates and imm.comp)
Author
emac0408
ID
169844
Card Set
Bacteria Specific
Description
Bacteria Specific
Updated

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