-
Staphylococcus
- Gram+ Cocci
- fac. Anaero
- Catalase+
- -S. aureus: Coagulase +, Mannitol+, B-hemolytic
- -S. epidermidis: Coagulase (-), Mannitol (-)
- -S. saprophyticus: Coagulase (-)
-
Streptococcus
- Gram+ Cocci
- fac. Anaero
- Catalase (-)
- -S. pyogenes (Group A): Bacitracin disk+, B-hemolytic
- -S. agalactiae (Group B): CAMP+, B,y-hemolytic
- -S. pneumoniae: Optochin+, Quellung Rxn, a-hemolytic
- -Viridans: a-hemolytic
- -Mutans: enamel adhesion- Dental Caries
-
Enterococcus
- Gram+ Cocci
- fac. Anaero
- Catalase (-)
- a,B,y hemolytic
- 6.5% NaCl+
- Esculin w/ 40% Bile+
- -E. faecalis (90%)
- -E. faecium (10%)
- -E. durans
- Esp (surface prot.: biofilms)
- Aggregation Substance (pheromone->mating/clump)
- Cytolysin (Gram+ and eukaryotes)
- Bacteriolysin
- Gelatinase (C3)
-
Bacillus
- Gram+ Rods
- fac. Anaero
- "Boxcar"
- soil/vegetation
- -B. anthracis: protein capsule, Bamboo, Medusa's Head, y-hemolytic, non-motile
- -B. cereus: B-hemolytic (food poison, eye toxic), motile, no capsule
-
Clostridium
- Gram+ Rods
- Strict Anarobes
- Odorous, gas forming
- saprophytes
- "Boxcar"
- -C. perfringens: 2xhemolytic, Nagler's(Ab to a-toxin), Egg yolk, non-motile
- -C. tetani: raised/irreg colony, drumstick, motile
- -C. botulinum: motile, alkaline veg (A)/fish(E), no gr at pH<4.6
- -C. difficile: nl colon flora, motile
-
Corynebacterium
- Gram+ Rods
- "Chinese Lettering"
- -C. diphtheriae:
- fac. AnaeroCatalase+
- a,B,y-hemolytic
- non-spore, non-motile
-
Listeria
- Gram+ Rod
- fac. Anaero
- Catalase+
- non-spore
- -L. monocytogenes: Umbrella, tumbling, actin propulsion
-
Enterobacteria
- Gram (-) Rods
- fac. AnaeroCytochrome oxidase (-)
- Nitrate (+)
- Glc/Lactose: MacConkey+(red), EMB agar+(blue)
- -E.coli: motile, +/-capsule
- -Klebsiella: non-motile, ^^capsule: mucoid
- -Citrobacter: motile
- -Serratia marcescens:
- -Enterobacter:
- Glc only:
- -Proteus: motile, UTI (infant males), Urease+
- -Salmonella: motile
- -Shigella: red pigment, non-motile
- -Yersinia:
-
Pseudomonas
- Gram (-) Rods
- ~Strict Aero
- -P. auruginosa: fruity odor, blue/green (pyocyanin: in cilia), Nosocomial, Eye/cornea destruct
-
Burkholderia
- Gram (-) Rods
- ~Strict Aero
- -B. cepacia: opportunistic
- -B. mallei: Human Glanders, obligate animal parasite
- -B. pseudomallei:
Meliodosis (glanders-like), Vietnam
-
Stenotrophomonas
- Gram(-) Rods
- ~Strict Aero
- Oxidase (-)
- Pseudomonas-like
- -S.maltophilia: Nosocomial
-
Mycobacterium
- Gram+ Rods
- Strict Aero
- Acid-Fast
- non-motile, non-spore
- Slow growth
- ^CpG DNA
- Cording (trehalose6,6dimycolate)
- Cell Wall: Mycolic A.(long), LAM (like LPS), PIM (cd4+adhesion)
- Non-Runyon:
- MTComplex: M. tuberculosis, bovis, microti, africanum
- M. leprae
- Runyon: NTM:
- Group I: (SGM, photochromogens) M. kansasii, marinum
- Group II: (SGM, scotochromogens) M. gordonae, scrofulaceum
- Group III: (SGM, nonchromogens): MAComplex: M.avium, intracellulare
- Group IV: (RGM, nonchromogens): M. abscessus, chelonae, fortuitum
-
Actinomycetes
- Gram+ Rods
- fac. Anaero, prefer fermentation
- FilamentousSulfur Granules
- "Molar Tooth" colony
- Not Acid-Fast
- Odontogenic
- Endogenous infection
- Honey Badger Tplane
- -A. israelii, naeslundii, odontolyticus, viscosus
- -A. meyeri: Strict Anaerobe
-
Nocardia
- Gram+ Rods
- Strict Aero
- Aerial Hyphae
- Modified Kinyoun Stain (weak acid-fast)
- Cording
- Mycolic A. (short)
- Exogenous infection (actinomycetes are endog): Bronchopulm
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