the nerves exiting the brain and the spinal cord that serve sensory and more functions for the rest of the body
peripheral nervous system
a long cylinder of nervous tissue extending from the medulla to the firsl lumbar vertebra
spinal cord
the bones of the spinal column that protect and enclose the spinal chord
vertebral column
on of the first eight spinal nerves that serve the area of the head neck and arms
cervical nerve
one of the twelve pairs of spinal nerves that serve the torso
thoraic nerve
one of the five spinal nerves that serve the lower back and legs
lumbar nerves
one of the five spinal nerves that serve the back of legs and genitals
socral nerve
the most caudal of the spinal nerves
coccygeal nerve
an are of neutral tissue primarily made up of myelinated azels
white matter
an are of neural tissue primarily made of cell bodies
gray matter
gray matter in the spinal chord that contain sensory neurons
dorsal horns
gray matter in the spinal chord that contains motor neurons
ventral horns
an involuntary action or response
REFLEXE
the knee jerk reflex a spinal reflex in which tapping below the knee produces a reflexive contraction of the quadriceps muscle of the thigh causing the foot to kick
patellar reflex
a spinal reflex that pulls a body part away from the source of pain
withdrawl reflex
the most caudal division of the brain including the medulla pons and cerebellum
hindbrain
the division of the brain lying between the hindbrain and the forebrain
midbrain
the division of the brain containing the diencephalon and the telecephalon
forebrain
the lower two thirds of the brain including the hindbrain and midbrain
brain stem
the most caudal part of the hindbrain
myelencephallon/ medulla
collections of cell bodies that share a function
nuclei
a collection of brainstem nuclei located near the midline from the rostral medulla up into the midbrain that regulate sleep and arousal
reticular formation
a structure located in the metencephalor between the medulla and midbrain part of the brainstem located in the hindbrain
pons
a structure located in the interception that participates in balance, muscle tone, muscle coordinationa some types of learning and possibly higher cognitive functions in humans
cohellar nucleus
a group of cell bodies in the pons that receive input about the location and movement of the head from sensory structures in the inner ear.
VESTIBULAR NUCLEUS
nuceli located in the pons that participate in the regulation of sleep and arousal
raplie nuclei
a structure in the pons that participate in arousal
locus coeruleus
another term for midbrain the division of the brain lying between the hindbrain and the forebrain
mesencephalon
the roof or dorsal half of the midbrain
tefmentum
the smalll channel running along the midline of the midbrain that connects the third and fourth ventriclels
cerebral aqueduct
gray mater surrounding the cerebral aqueduct of the midbrain that is believed to play a role in the sensation of pain
periaqueductal gray
a structure located within the reticular formation trait communicate motor information between the spinal cord and the cerebellum
red nucleus
MIDBRAIN NUCLEI THAT COMMUNICATE WITH THE BASAL GANG LIA OF THE FOREBRAIAN
SUBSTANTIA NIGRA
a pari of lumps in the dorsal surface of the midbrain that coordinate visually guidad movements and usual reflexes
superior collicoli
a pair of lumps in the dorsal surface on th emidbrain that process auditory information
inferior colliculi
a division of the brain made up of the hypothalamus and thalamus
diencephalon
the division of the brain compromising the cerebral hemispheres
telecephalon
on of the two large globular structures that make up the telecenenphalon of the brain
cerebral hemisphere
a structure in the diencephalon that process sensory information. contributes to states of arousal and participares in learning and memory
thalamus
a structure found in the diandephalon that participates in the regulation of hunger thirst, sexual behavior, and agression; part of the lymbic system.
hypothalamus
a gladnd located just above the roof of ther meotin that is connected to the hypothalamus and serves as a major source of hormones
pituitary gland
a collection of nuclei with the cerebral hemispheres taht participate in the control of movement.
basal ganglia
one of the major nuclei that make up the basal ganglia
putamen
a small nucleus located at ventral to the thalamus, thats is part of the basal ganglia
subthalamic nucleus
collection of forebrain structures that participate in emotional behavior and learning
limbic system
a structure deep within the cerebral hemisphere that is involved with the formation of long term declarative memory part od the limbic system
hippocampus.
an almond shaped structure in the rostral temporal lobes that is part of the limbic system
amygdala
a structure from the ventral surface of the brain that processes the sense of smell. part of the limbic system