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What is the age range for early childhood education
- birth through age eight
- birth to 3rd grade
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What do children learn from birth to third grade
- walk
- talk
- establish an identity
- make friends
- print
- count
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Who made the first picture book
comenius
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who believed in tabula rasa
John Locke
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What does tabula rasa mean
black slate
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who believed that children were born naturally good
Rousseau
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who intergrated curriculum in order to develop the whole child
Pestalozzi
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Who was the father of the kindergarten
Froebel
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What does kindergarten mean
child's garden
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With whom did the Montessori school begin?
special needs children
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What kind of education is Montessori education
sensory education
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Who invented the name nursery school
The McMillan sisters
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What did the sisters believe about nursery school
it needed to include fresh air, sleep, and bathing
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What does age appropriate mean
that the work is possible for that child to do
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What does individually appropriate mean
that the work is changed depending on whether the student is special needs, average, or gifted
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What does multiculurally appropriate mean
- you represent different culture
- you don't overemphasize the majority culture
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What is the highest form of child development (Froebel)
play
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What should a child's first experience with education be (Froebel)
a delightful adventure with pleasant discoveries
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What is the adult's role in a kindergarten class (Froebel)
a facilitator
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What are the ages for kindergarten (Froebel)
2-6
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Who believed that children are valuable and childhood is an important part of their lives?
John Dewey
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Who created a progressive movement after Dewey
Lucy Sprague Mitchell
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What did Lucy Sprague Mitchell believe schools should be
- a community center
- place for children to learn and think
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What is a child centered approach
active learning and social cooperation
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Where and when was the first kindergarten created
Germany in 1837
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Who, when, and where was the first german speaking kindergarten created
- Margarthe Schurz
- Wisconsin
- 1856
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Who, when, and where opened the first English speaking kindergarten
- Elizabeth Peabody
- Boston
- 1860
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What was the goal of headstart in 1965
to provide eduaction, social, medical, dental, nutritional, and mental health services
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Who is headstart for
for preschol children from low-income families
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How many people are in a headstart class
- 17 students
- usually 1 or 2 special needs students
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How has Freud affected education
- early experiences shape the way we live and behave as adults
- we are influenced by our early life in fundamental and dramatic ways
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What was so important about Spock
- "Baby and Child Care" was a how to book about children in the 1950's-1960's
- it was a common sense approach to raising kids
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Who was the founder of the Italian preschools in Reggio Emilia after WWII
Loris Malaguazzi
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What percent of children today are children of color
46%
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how many in ten children were born elsewhere
1 in 10
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what percentage of residence are immegrants
10%
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What is multicultural education
the system of teaching and learning that includes the contributions of all ethnic and racial groups
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What is biligual education
a system of teaching and learning in which ESL children are taught in English-speaking classrooms
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What does biligual education encourage
two-way learning
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What are some family stressors for small children
- nearly 50% of marriages end in divorce
- two-thirds of children have both parents working
- 1 in 5 children in America are poor
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How do children react to family stressors
- sleeping problems
- depression
- regression
- aches and pains
- acting out
- eating problems
- overreactions
- medical problems
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what is child abuse
violence in the form of physical maltreatment, abusive language, and sexual harassment or misuse of children
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what is child neglect
- the act or situation of parents' or other adults' inattention to a child's basic health needs of adequate food, clothing, shelter, adn health care
- this may also include not noticing a child or not paying enough attention in general
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What are the hazards of media violence
- can lead to aggression and desensitization to violence
- tvs and computers promote passivity
- media images can promote racist and sexist attitudes
- tv can promote materialistic consumerism
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What is the trilemma of early childhood education
- quality for children
- affordability for parents
- adequate compensation for staff
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