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Nutrient
Any chemical, element or compound in the diet that supports normal maintenance of life processes, growth, reproduction, or production of products or work
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Macronutrient
Nutrient required by the animal in relatively large amounts
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Micronutrient
Nutrient required by the animal in relatively small quantities
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Essential (Indispensable)
Elements or compounds required in the diet that connot be synthesized by the animal
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Non-essential (Dispensible)
Nutrients that can be synthesized by the animal from dietary precursors
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Conditionally Essential
Essential in the diet only under sertain conditions such as gestation, lactation, rapid growth, etc.
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Digestion
Chemical and physical breakdown of foods into smaller and simpler particles
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Absorption
Passage of molecules from the GI tract through the mucosal cells, into blood or lymph systems
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Peptides
Chains of amino acids joined by peptide bonds
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Polypeptides
Relatively short chains of peptides (tens to hundreds)
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Proteins
A chain of amino acids (hundreds to thousands) joined together with peptide bonds
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Liebig’s Law of the Minimum
A crop's yield is restricted by the lack of a single element, even though there may be sufficient quanitities of all other essential nutrients
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Bypass protein
Dietary protein which is not degraded by microbial action in the rumen
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