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Which of the following amino acids have aliphatic sidechains?
glycine (gly), alanine (ala), valine (val), leucine (leu), proline (pro), and isoleucine (ile)
(VAGLIP)
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Which of the amino acids have aromatic sidechains?
phenylalanine (phe), tyrosine (tyr), tryptophan (trp)
(PhaTT)
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Which of the amino acids are basic?
histidine (his), lysine (lys) and arginine (arg)
(basic HAL)
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Which of the amino acids are acidic?
aspartic (asp), glutamic (glu), asparagine (asn), glutamine (gln)
(GAGA)
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Defects in the metabolism of which amino acid leads to the maple syrup urine disease?
Luecine, isoleucine and valine
"Branched" amino acids
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What disorder arise from defects in the metabolism of tyrosine? Phenylalanine?
- Defects in the tyrosine metabolism causes tyrosinosis, albinism and alcaptonuria.
- Defects in phenylalanine cause polyketanuria (PKU)
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With respect ot the amino acids that we discussed, what is the cause of pellagra?
A defect in the ability for the body to metabolize tryptophan into niacin
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Which amino acids have hydroxyl groups on the sidechain? Which amino acids contain sulfur? When they are in proteins, what kind of rxns do these amino acids occasionally undergo?
- serine (ser) and threonine (thr) have OH sidechains.
- Cysteine (cys) and methionine (met) have sulfur.
- Reactions of -OH groups are phosphorylated.
- Reactions of sulfhyroxyl groups oxidize to form dulsulfide linkages.
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Which amino acids are referred to as essential?
histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan and valine.
"Pvt. Tim Hall"
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Name at least 4 types of compounds for which amino acids are the precursors
- Glucose
- Neurotransmitters
- Hormone synthesis
- Porphyrins, purines, pyrimidines
- Building blocks for proteins (particularly enzymes)
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