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Acute lymphangitis
Inflammation of one ore more lymphatic vessels.
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Acute suppurative lymphadenitis
Infection and inflammation of a lymph node; may affect a single node or localized groupd of nodes.
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AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; initial symptoms include lymphadenopathy, fatigue, fever, and weight loss.
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Cat scratch fever
Among the most common causes of subactue or chronic lyphadenitis in children; nodal enlargement may last longer than 3 weeks in a young child.
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Eptein-Barr virus mononucleosis
Infectious mononucleosis; marked by firm, discrete, tender lymph nodes of anterior and posterior cervical chains.
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Herpes simplex
A group of acute infections caused by human herpes virus 1 (HSV-1) or human herpes virus 2 (HSV-2); marked by enlargement of anterior cervical and submandibular nodes.
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Hodgkin diseaseĀ
A malignant lymphoma marked by asymmetric enlargemtn of the cervical lymph nodes, which are rubbery and nonpainful.
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Characterized by the dysfunction of cell-mediated immunity, HIV seropositivity.
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Latex allergy
Allergic contact dermatitis that involves the immune system and is caused by the cmeicals used in products that contain latex.
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Lymphangioma
Cystic hygroma; a congenital malformation of dilated lymphatics.
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Lymphatic filariasis
Massive accumulation of lymphedema throughout the body; commonly called elephatiasis; most common cause of secondary lymphedema worldwide.
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Lymphedema
Edematous swelling due to excessive accumulation of lymph fluid in tisssues as a result of inadequate lymph drainage.
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Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
A malignant neoplasm of the lymphatic system and the reticuloendothelial tissues.
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Serum sickness
An immune complex disease.
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Toxoplasmosis
A parasitic zoonosis caused by the parasiteĀ Toxoplasma gondii; marked by a single, enlarged, nontender lymph node in posterior cervical chain.
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Branchial cleft cyst
A congenital lesion formed by incomplete involution of the branchial cleft; the cyst is usually solitary, painless, and located in the lateral neck; discharge may occur if associated with the sinus tract.
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Bruit
A sound that may be detected in the hypervascular thyroid.
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Bulging fontanel
A condition of the fontanel that may indicate increased intracranial pressure.
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Craniosynostosis
A condition that results from the premature closing of sutures before brain growth is complete; leads to a mishpaen skull.
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Chloasma
Facial discoloration common during pregnancy; also called the mask of pregnancy.
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Encephalocele
A neural tube defect characterized by the protrusion of nervous system tissue throug a defect in the skull.
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Facies
General appearance of the face, head, and neck that is characteristic of a specific condition.
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Graves disease
An autoimmune disorder that leads to an overproduction of thyroid-stimulating hormone; characterized by exophthalmia (bulging eyes).
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Hasimoto disease
An autoimmune condition characterized by the production of antibodies against the thyroid gland, usually leading to hypothyroidism.
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Hyperthyroidism
Overactivity of the thyroid.
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Hypothyroidism
Underactivity of the thyroid; more common that hyperthyroidism.
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Macewen
Sign associated with increased intracranial pressure after fontanels are closed.
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Mastoid fontanel
A third (abnormal) fontanel; common in Down syndrome.
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Microcephaly
A condition in which the circumference of the head is smaller than normal; associated with mental retardation.
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Molding
An abnormal shaping of the infant's head caused by the shifting and overlapping of bones during vaginal delivery.
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Myxedema
Skin and tissue disorder usually caused by severe prolonged hypothyroidism; characterized by mucinous edema of face.
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Ossification
Bone tissue formation; begins in sutures after brain growth is completed.
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Salivary gland tumor
A growth or mass in any of the salivary glands, but most commonly occurring in the parotid gland.
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Sternocleidomastoid
Referring to the area extending from upper sternum to the mastoid process.
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Thyroglossal duct cyst
A palpable cystic mass in the enck.
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Thyroid
Largest endocrine gland.
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Tic
A spasmodic contraction of the face, head, or neck.
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Torticollis
A condition in which the enck is twisted (also called wry neck); often the result of birth trauma or intrauterine malposition; acquired torticollis may be caused by tumor, trauma, palsy of cranial nerve IV, muscle spasm, infection, or drug ingestion.
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Transillumination
Procedure used to evaluate suspecxted intracranial lesion or increasing head circumference in infants.
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Webbing
Excessive posterior cervical skin.
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Acute otitis media
Inflammation in the middle ear associated with a middle ear effusion that becomes infected by bacterial organisms.
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Acute pharyngitis
Infection of tonsils or posterior pharynx by microorganisms.
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Cheilitis
Dry, cracked lips.
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Cholesteatoma
Epithelial tissue behind the tympanic membrane that is often the result of untreated or chronic recurrent otitis media.
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Cleft lip and palate
Common craniofacial congenital malformation; the result of the lip or palate failing to fuse during the embryonic development.
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Cochlea
Coiled structure in inner ear.
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Conductive hearing loss
Hearing loss resulting from reduced transmissio of sound to the middle ear.
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Fordyce spots
Bumps that may appear on the buccal mucosa; ectopic sebaceous glands
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Frenulum
Small fold of tissue that attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
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Meniere disease
Disorder of progressive hearing loss; in some cases, has a genetic mode of transmission.
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Oropharynx
Area of the throat that is located between the mouth and nasopharynx.
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Ossicles
The three tiny bones of the inner ear known as the malleus, incus, and stapes.
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Otitis externa
Inflammation of the auditory canal and external surface of the tympanic membrane; aslo called "swimmer's ear."
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Otitis media with effusion
Inflammation of the middle ear resulting in the collection of serous, mucoid, or purulent fluid.
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Otosclerosis
Ossification that results in fixation of the stapes.
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Peritonsilar abcess
Deep infection in the space between the soft palate and tonsil.
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Pinna
Projecting shell-like structure on the side of the head; auricle.
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Presbycusis
Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss associated with aging.
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Retropharyngeal abcess
Life-threatening infection in the lateral pharyngeal space that has the potential to occlude the airway, most commonly occurs in children.
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Rinne test
A hearing test tha tcompares bone conduction with air conduction of sound.
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Romberg test
A neurologic test used to screen for equilibrium.
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Sensorineural hearing loss
Hearing impairment that results from a disorder of the ear, damage to cranial nerve VIII, genetic disorders, systemic disease, or prolonged exposure to loud noise.
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Sinusitis
Bacterial infection of one or more of the paranasal sinuses.
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Torus
Bony protuberance on the midline of the hard palate.
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Uvula
Conical projection that hangs from the posterior margin of the soft palate.
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Vertigo
The illusion of rotational movement experience by a patient; often due to a disorder of the inner ear.
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Weber test
A screening test for hearing that tests the laterlization of sound.
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