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Name the Four Tissue Types
*Epithelial Tissue[ep-uh-thee-lee-uhm]
*Connective Tissue
*Muscle Tissue
- *Nervous Tissue
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Extracellular Matrix
- *substance produced by cells of a specific tissue
- (Protein fibers, salts, h2o and dissolved macromolecules)
*located outside of cells
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Epithelial Cell Layers[ep-uh-thee-lee-uh]
Simple/Stratified/Pseudostratified(pseu·do·strat·i·fi·ca·tion) Epithelium
Simple Epithelium-single layer of cells,apical surface, attached to basement membrane
Stratified Epithelium-2 or more layers of cells, not all cells have an apical surface or basement membrane
- Psuedostratified Epithelium-single layer but not all cells reach their nuclei give the appearance of multilayered&stratified...but they aren't
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Epithelial Cell Shapes
Squamous/Cuboidal[kyoo-boid]/Columnar[kuh-luhm-ner]
*Squamous-flattened,fried egg
*Cuboidal-nucleus centrally located
- *Columnar-taller than wide, nucleus is oval & located in the basal region of the cell
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*Glands
*Endocrine
*Exocrine
*mucin, hormones, enzymes, waste products
*endocrine- glands DO NOT possess ducts and secrete directly into the bloodstream,
- *exocrine-glands Do possess ducts and their cells secrete to products to their ducts; almost all exocrine glands are derived from epithelial tissue
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Connective Tissue
Function & Examples
*Most diverse, abundanct, widely distributed and structurally vaired of all four tissue types
*Function is to "connect" one structure to another
*CT is the "glue" and "filler" of the boddy
*Tendons, ligaments, body fat, bones and cartilage
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Functions of Connective Tissue
*Physical Protection
*Support and structural framework
*Storage
*Transport
*Immune Protection
*Development of CT
*Arises from mesoderm
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Two Types of Embryonic[em-bree-on-ik] CT
*Mesenchyme{mes-eng-kahym}
*Mucous[myoo-kuhs}
*Mesenchyme-source of all adult CT
*Mucous-found in umbilical cord& can contain stem cells for future use by the individual
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Connective Tissue can be classified into 3 broad categories....
*CT proper
*Supporting CT
*Fluid CT
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Two groups of Cells in Connective Tissue Proper:
Resident Cells & Wandering Cells
*Ressident Cells: fibroblasts,adipocytes,fixed macrophages and mesenchymal cells
*Wandering cells: mast and plasma cells, free macrophages and leukocytes
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Define Collagen Fibers
- long, unbranching, strong, flexible and resistant to stretching.
- 25% of all protein in the human body, making collagen the most abundant protein
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Define Elastic Fibers
thinner than collagen, stretch easily, branch and rejoin.
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Define Reticular Fibers
Thinner than collagen fibers, form a meshwork-like congiguration. They are found in organs with abundant spaces such as liver, lymph nodes and spleen
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