-
Anatomy
- study of the structure of an o/g & the relationships of its parts
- Greek for "cutting up"
-
physiology
study of functions of living o/g & their parts
-
dissection
technique used to isolate & study structural components/parts of human body
-
hypothesis
- tentative explanation
- reasonable guess based on previous informal observations/tested explanations
-
experimentation
designed to be as simple as possible to aviod possibility of errors
-
theory or law
a hypothesis that has gained a high lvl. of confidence
-
feedback loop
basic type of homeostatic control system in the body
-
sensor
detects change in temperature
-
control center
comapres actual temperature w/normal temperature & responds by activating body's effector (furnace)
-
effector
effects controlled condition (temperature)
-
negative feedback loops
- oppose/negate a change in a controlled condition
- reverses change to a normal value to stabilize conditions
-
positive feedback loops
- involved in normal function
- stimulatory
- temporarily amplify the change
-
developmental processes
changes & functs. occur during early years
-
aging process
changes & functs. occur after young adulthood
-
survival
depends on body's ability to maintain/restore homeostasis
-
chemical level of organization
atoms and molecules
-
existence of life depends on...
- proper lvls & proportions of many chemical stubstances in the cells
- homeostatsis
-
organizational structure
cells, tissues, organs, systems, organism
-
cells are held together by
varying amts. & varities of gluelike, nonliving intrercellular substances
-
body as a whole
all the atoms, molecules, cells, tisues, organs, & systems
-
anatomical position
- erect
- arms @ sides
- palms forward
- head & feet pointed forward
-
to recognize an object
first notice overall structure & form
-
atrophy
degenerative process where peak of health is at young adulthood
-
homeostasis
relative constancy of internal environement
-
feedback loop diagram
- cold wind= DISTURBANCE
- body temperature (CONTROLLED CONDITION) is detected by col receptors (SENSOR)
- feeds back to actual body temperature
- brain (CONTROL CENTER) lowers body temp. to normal body temp.
- which signals muscles to shiver (EFFECTOR) to increase body temperature
-
example of negative feedback loops
- breathing hard during exercise to get blood O2 back to normal
- urinating when fluid volume in the body > normal
-
example of positive feedback loops
- rapid contractions before giving birth
- blood cells rapidly sticking together (platelets) to form a blood clot
|
|