-
A gas turbine engine must have?
Oxygen through the intake.
-
**The fathers of turbine engines?
Whittle & Ohain
-
The first turbine design to make it in the air was by?
Ohain
-
The spool is made up of?
Compressor, shaft, & turbine
-
**The rotating element of the turbine engine is?
The spool
-
The 7 basic sections in every turbine engine?
- -Air inlet
- -Compressor
- -Combustion
- -Turbine
- -Exhaust
- -Accessory
- -Systems necessary for starting, lubrication, fuel supply, & auxiliary purposes, such as anti-icing, cooling, & pressurization
-
**Turbines are divided into what 2 sections? For what purpose?
Hot & cold sections
Inspection purposes
-
**The hot section includes?
Combustion, turbine, & exhaust sections
-
**The cold section includes?
Air inlet duct & compressor sections
-
What's the main function of engine inlet?
To raise pressure
-
Aircraft operating on the ground have what inlet pressure?
Negative pressure
-
**What are standard day conditions?
- 59 degrees F
- 29.92" Hg @ sea level
- 14.7 PSI
- Low humidity
- No wind
- Speed of sound - 760-763 MPH
-
A convergent-divergent (CD) duct is required on?
All supersonic aircraft
-
**What happens to Bernoulli's Principle when supersonic speed is reached?
It reverses
-
**What are the characteristics of a convergent duct at subsonic speeds?
- Velocity - Up
- Pressure - Down
- Temperature - Down
-
**What are the characteristics of a divergent duct at subsonic speeds?
- Velocity - Down
- Pressure - Up
- Temperature - Up
-
**What are the characteristics of a CD duct at supersonic speeds?
- Velocity - Down
- Pressure - Up
- Temperature - Up
-
**Where are bell mouth intakes primarily used?
On helicopters and test cells
-
**Sand and ice particles are removed by what 2 methods?
Centrifugal loading & inertia
-
**How is a vortex generator activated and what does it do?
Activated by squat switch (weight on wheels).
Keeps a vortex from forming in front of the intake.
-
**What is the power extraction for a turboshaft or turboprop and how is it measured?
Torque (shaft HP)
-
**What is the power extraction for a turbojet or turbofan and how is it measured?
Thrust (pounds)
-
What does the acronym NF mean when speaking of turboshaft engines?
Power Section
-
What does the acronym NG mean when speaking of turboshaft engines?
Gas generator
-
**What kind of engine would you see on a modern transport category aircraft?
A turbofan high bypass
-
How are turbofan engine spools aligned?
Coaxially
-
What effect does gravity have on an objects velocity?
Causes velocity to increase by 32.2 ft/s
-
What are the 4 forces of flight?
-
Which 2 forms of energy best describe the propulsive power of the jet engine?
- Potential energy
- Kinetic energy
-
**Stored energy is known as
Potential energy
-
**Energy in motion (at work) is known as?
Kinetic energy
-
**What does Bernoulli's Principle deal with?
The pressure of gases
Velocity and pressure are inversely proportional
-
The combination of ram pressure and static pressure equals?
Total pressure
-
**The Brayton cycle is a?
Constant Pressure Cycle
-
When is gross thrust (FG) computed?
When the airplane is at rest
-
**Gross thrust is the same as?
Static thrust
-
What factors affect thrust?
- Ambient temperature
- Altitude
- Airspeed
- Engine RPM
-
**How does altitude, temperature, density, speed, and humidity affect thrust?
Altitude ^ - thrust v
Temperature ^ - thrust v
Density ^ - thrust ^
Speed ^ - thrust ^
Humidity - little to no effect
-
**What is the fluid used to operate a vortex dissipator?
Bleed air
-
**Which type of duct is used on a subsonic aircraft?
Divergent
-
**What's the speed of sound on a standard day?
760-763
-
What device is used on helicopters to help prevent FOD damage?
Inlet screen
-
**What is Newton's 2nd law?
F=M x A
-
**What location in a turbine engine is the point of highest static pressure?
Diffuser section / Outlet of compressor / Entrance of combustor
-
Turbine components are typically made of?
Nickel alloy
-
**What is the ultimate limiting factor for turbine engines?
Total Inlet Temperature (TIT)
-
What 3 thermodynamic processes do gases passing through a turbine engine undergo?
- Compression
- Combustion
- Expansion
-
**What are the 3 types of turbine engine compressors?
- Centrifugal
- Axial
- Combination
-
**What drives the low pressure compressor (LPC)?
N1
-
**What drives the high pressure compressor (HPC)?
N2
-
**The speed of sound dependent upon ambient conditions is known as?
Mach
-
**What is the relationship between temperature and the speed of sound?
Temperature ^ - Speed of sound ^
They are directly proportional
-
**What are the 3 types of inlet ducts?
- Subsonic
- Supersonic
- Bellmouth
-
**Combustion, in a turbine, always takes place under a __________________ pressure.
Constant
-
**At very high speeds, thrust increases rapidly with?
Small changes in RPM
-
**What does a convergent duct look like?
It is larger at the opening and gets smaller.
-
**What does a divergent duct look like?
It is smaller at the opening and gets larger.
-
**What are the 3 main sections of a turbine engine?
- Compressor
- Combustor
- Turbine
-
**What factors affect density?
-
**What is Newton's 1st law?
- A body at rest will remain at rest.
- A body in motion will remain in motion.
- -unless acted on by an outside force
-
**What is Newton's 3rd law?
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
-
**What is standard day temperature?
59 degrees Fahrenheit
-
**What is standard day pressure?
14.7 PSI
29.92" Hg
-
**What is standard day humidity?
Low humidity
-
**What is standard day wind conditions?
No wind
|
|
