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Any exchange of ideas between sender(s) and receiver(s)
Communication
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Specific means of communication
sight, hearing, smell, and touch
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What are some variables that influence communication?
Cultural identity, setting, participants
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The study of variables that influence communication is known as what?
sociolinguistics
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Successful communication of cultural identity depends on
Age; socioeconomic status; geographical background; ethnicity; gender
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"a socially shared code or conventional system for representing concepts through the use of arbitrary symbols and rule-governed combination of those symbols"
Language
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What are the basic components of human language?
Form, content, and use
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Content consists of
Semantics
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Form consists of
Phonology, morphology, and syntax
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Phonology is
sound systems of language
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Morphology is
the structure of words
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A morpheme is
the smallest grammatical unit within a language (Bound or free)
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Syntax is
how words are arranged in sentences (grammar)
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Use consists of
Pragmatics
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Pragmatics is
we speak for a reason
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Another word for "spoken language" is
Speech
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What is articulation?
The way in which speech sounds are formed... how we move our tongue, teeth, lips, etc.
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What is fluency?
It is the rhythm and rate of speech.
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What is voice?
Quality, loudness, and pitch
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2/3s of our messages are what?
Nonverbal
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Communication is generally thought to be disordered when it deviates from the community standards sufficiently enough that it...
- a) interferes with the transmission of messages
- b) stands out as being unusually different
- c) produces negative feelings within the communicator
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ASHA defines communication and related disorders as disorders of:
Speech, orofacial/myofunctional patterns, language, swallowing, cognitive communication, hearing & balance
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"..the set of values, perceptions, beliefs, institutions, technologies, survival systems, and codes of conduct used by members of a specified group to ensure the acquisition and perpetuation of what they consider to be a high equality of life"
Culture
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Many languages have influence American English. For example, African American Vernacular English formed on the basis of social, cultural, and historical facts. What are two examples of these?
The pidgins and creoles
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What is code-switching?
This is when speakers are presumed to be knowledgeable in other dialects as well.
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SLPs must view langauge variation as
normal
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What is the role of an Audiologist?
An audiologist's role is to measure hearing ability and identify, assess, manage, and prevent disorders of hearing and balance. They select, fit, and dispense hearing aids and other assistive listening devices. They also consult with government and industry to recommend and fit hearing protection as well as evaluate and assist people with central auditory prcessing problems.
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What type of degree does an audiologist have to have to be a professional employee?
An AuD and License; a doctorate degree is required.
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What is the role of a Speech-Language Pathologist?
A Speech-Language Pathologist's role is to provide an assortment of services that relate to communicative disorders and swallowing. They also identify, assess, treat, and prevent speech, language, and swallowing disorders. They work across all communication modalities: spoken, written, pictorial, and manual.
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What type of degree is required to be a professional employee as a Speech-Language Pathologist?
A MCD (Mastors in communication disorders) and a license is required.
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ASHA
American Speech, Language, and Hearing Association
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NSSLHA
National Student Speech, Language, and Hearing Association
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SHAA
Speech and Hearing Association of Alabama
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AAA
American Academy of Alabama
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What does ASHA do?
They are scientific study of processes and disorders of human communication; clinical service in SLP and Audiology; maintenance of Ethical Standards; advocacy for individuals with communicative disabilities
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The study of the structure of the body and the relationship of these structures to one another.
Anatomy
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A science concerned with the function of organisms and bodily structures (a branch of biology).
Physiology
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The Speech Systems are
Respiration, Phonation, Articulation, and Resonance
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Supplies oxygen to the body and removes carbon dioxide from the body; life support and phonation
Respiration
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Keeps food and liquid (foreign objects) out of the windpipe (trachea) and the lungs; impounds air; principapl sound generator for phonation
Larynx
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Resonant acoustic tube were all sounds of spoken English are made; modifies the quality of sound produced by the larynx
vocal tract
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