-
asymmetry
no shape, ex.amoeba
-
spherical symmetry
circular, ex. volvox
-
radial symmetry
tube/bell shaped body
-
bilateral symmetry
- 2 sided shape
- can only be cut one way to get equal halves
-
-
-
protosomes
worms, anthropods, clams
-
deuterosomes
vertebrates, starfish
-
ectoderm
skin and nervous system
-
-
endoderm
digestive system lining
-
2 kinds of skeletons secreted by sponges
-
spicule
calcium carbonate or silicon compounds
-
spongin
protein fibers, soft and flexible
-
2 cell layers of sponges
- ectoderm-forms into epidermis
- endoderm-made of collar cells
-
mesenchyme
- middle jelly layer of a sponge
- holds layers together
-
gemmule
cells in a hard coat, dormant stage of sponge
-
2 cell layers of Cnidarians
-
mesoglea
jelly layer of Cnidarians
-
nerve net
- Cnidarians
- located in mesoglea
- "brain"
-
nematocysts
stinging cells
-
basal disk
attaches hydra to places
-
How to Cnidarians get food?
- they capture them in their tentacles
- plankton get paralyzed
-
polyp
tube like body in the Cnidarians
-
gastrovascular cavity
tube like stomach
-
endoderm in Cnidarians
secretes enzymes for digestion
-
digestion in Cnidarians
goes back up the mouth
-
oral lips
giant lips of Aurelia
-
planula
larva of a jelly fish
-
-
marginal reefs
- close to shore-few miles
- ex. ones in Caribbean
-
barrier reefs
- far from shore-40-50 miles
- ex. Great Barrier reef
-
atoll reefs
- small island
- ex. bikini atolls
- made from reefs that have come above water when water levels fluctuated
- in south Pacific
-
cephalization
concentration of nerve cells in anterior end of an animal
-
-
pharynx
tube like vacuum on ventral side that sucks up food
-
genital pore
opening into both systems
-
What neg. responses does a planarian have?
light
-
flame cells
- ciliated
- collect poisonous liquid nitrogen wastes
-
excretory ducts
carry waste towards excretory pores in skin
-
-
oviducts
carry eggs away from ovaries
-
yolk glands
- produce yolk
- characteristic of egg laying animals
- yolk is food supply for embryo
-
vagina
passageway into female reprod. system
-
seminal receptacles
- holds sperm from another worm
- storage sack for sperm
- char. of invertebrates
-
-
vas efferens
tiny tubes that carry sperm from testes
-
vas deferens
large tubes that carry sperm from testes
-
seminal vesicle
stores sperm from worm, worm where it is made
-
atrium
"hallway" passageway to male and female reproductive system
-
number of eggs that planarians lay at once?
100
-
acoelomate
organism with no body cavity
-
3 acoelomate phylums
- porifera-2 cell layers
- coelenterata-2 cell layers
- platyhelminthes-3 cell layers
-
Where do blood flukes live?
tropical and subtropical environments
-
hooks and suckers of tapeworm
attach worm to small intestine
-
cuticle of a tapeworm
secreted body covering for protection against host immune system
-
tegument
thickened cell membrane around skin cells
-
proglottid
contains reproductive system
-
uterus
sack for storing eggs
-
symptom of hookworms
- anemia
- loss of RBC
- tired,weak
- bloody diarrhea
- makes you susceptible to other diseases
-
where does trichinosis occur?
- skeletal muscles
- diaphragm
- heart
- can be fatal for humans
-
mastax
grinding organ in digestive system
-
degeneration
loss of systems in parasites in comparison to their free living relatives
-
hydrotheca
- feeding polyp
- tentacles have nematocysts
-
gonotheca
- reprod. polyp
- asexual budding
-
gonad
ovaries or testes on medusa
-
polyp stage of obelia
- lives in bottom of ocean
- how obelia spends most of its life
-
medusa
- uses jet propulsion
- free swimming
- sexual stage of obelia
-
jet propulsion
take water in mouth and shoot put water to move
-
collar cells
create water current to make whirlpool to bring in food
-
filter feeding
- when animals filter and eat plankton
- ex. sponge
-
osculum
- excurrent pore
- water goes out
-
ostia
- incurrent pore
- water goes in
-
amoebocyte
carries food from collar cells to epidermis
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