Viral Infections

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What is the smallest infectious organism?

Virus
What are viral envelopes?

Membranes that cloak their capsids, often derived from the host cell membrane
What is the NORMAL replication process in a cell
- All information of the cell is held in the DNA
- DNA unfolds to replicate to RNA
- One cell is divided into 2
What is the Viral DNA replication process?
- Genetic information is stored in the RNA. this is unstable, frequent mistakes are made during copying, with less ability to correct mistakes.
- RNA viruses must translate themselves into RNA that ribosomes can read. (it is backwards and has to carry transcriptase along with it)
How does the virus reproduce?
- Attachment - depends on site usually glycoproteins
- Enters the cell - tansfers entire viral particle across the cell membrane by endocytosis
- Transfers the viral genome through the cell membrane
- Fusions of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane
- Then sheds the coat. (body now cannot recognize the virus)
RNA or DNA virus
Doube stranded

DNA
RNA or DNA virus
Single stranded

RNA
RNA or DNA virus
Replicated in the nucleus

DNA
RNA or DNA virus
Replicated in the cytoplasm

RNA
RNA or DNA virus
Use host cell enzymes to copy new ciral DNA and structural or functional proteins

DNA
RNA or DNA virus
Positive sense RNA

RNA
RNA or DNA virus
Brings its own covertor enzyme

RNA
What are some long term viral survival strategies?
- Virus must be able to hide from or overcome immune system
- Dormant in cells (herpes)
- Infect new hosts
- Mutate (frequency varies)
- Leave the host cell with a cover (Hep C)

Author

kchardy

168758

Card Set

Viral Infections

Description

Viral Invasion and Infection, Chapter 9

Updated

2012-09-03T22:45:43Z