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anaphylaxix
an exaggerated hypersensitivity reaction that in severe cases leads to vascular collapse, bronchospasm and shock.
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antibodies
immunoglobulins produced by the immune system in response to bacteria , viruses or other antigenic substances
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antigen
a foreign substance that causes the production of a specific antibody
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antiseptics
substances that inhibit the growth of microorganisms on living tissue
examples: alcohol , and betadine
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autoimmune
pertaining to a disturbance in the immune system in which the body reacts against its own tissue
examples: multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus
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candidiasis
an infection caused by a yeast that typically affects the vaginal mucosa and skin
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coagulate
to form into clots
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contaminated
soiled with pathogens or infectious material, nosterile
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disinfectant
a liquid chemical that is capable of eliminating many or all pathogens but is not effective against bacterial spores
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fomites
contaminated, nonliving objects that can transmit infectious organisms
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germicides
agents tht destroy pathogenics organisms
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hereditary
condition , or disease transmitted from parent to offspring on the DNA chain
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interferon
a protein formed when a cell is exposed to a virus, the protein blocks viral action on the cell and protects against viarl invasion
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opportunistic infections
infections caused by a normally nonpathogenic organism in a host whose resistance has been decreased
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palliative
a substance that relieves or alleviates the symptoms of a disease without curing the disease
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parenteral
the injection or introductions of substances into the body by any route other thant the digestive tract
examples: subcutaneous, intrvenous, or intramuscular administration
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pathogenic
a disease-causing microorganism
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permeable
allowing a substance to pass or soak through
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pyemia
pus-forming organisms in the blood
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relapse
the recurrence of the symptoms of a disease after apparent recovery
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remission
the partial or complete dissappearance of the clinical and subjective characteristics of a chronic or malignant disease
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residnet bacteria
bacteria that live in or on a certain part of the body, such as the skin or mucosa
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rhinitis
inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose
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spores
a thick-walled dormant form of bacteria that is very resistant to disinfection measures
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sterile
free of all micoorganisms pathogenic and nonpathogenic
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tinea
any fungal skin diseas that results in scaling, itching, and inflammation
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transient bacteria
bacteria temporarily living in or on a certain body part such as the hands
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urticaria
a skin eruption that creates inflamed wheals, hives
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vectors
animals or insects that transmit the causavtive organisms of disease
examples: ticks , insects
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disease
any sustained harmful alteration of the normal structure , function, or metabolism of an organism or cell
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fungal infections also called
mycotic infections
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the first line of defense against pathogenic invasion is the intact
integumentary system or skin
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the body's second line of defense includes the
inflammatory process and immune system response
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humoral immunity
the immune system responds by producing antibodies specifically designed to combat the presence of a foreign substance or antigen , responsibility of the body's B cells
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cell-mediated immunity
the immune system reacts at the cellular level with T-cell by causing the destruction of pathogenic cells at the site of invasion.
example: phagocytosis
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inflammatory response
when trauma occurs to the body or it is exposed to pathogens protective mechanisms are alerted and the body reponds in a predicatable manner
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acute infection
rapid onset of symptoms but lasts a relatively short time
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prodromal period
time when th patient first show vague, nonspecific symptoms of disease
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chronic infection
long period
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asymptomatic
without symptoms
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sanitization
the cleaning process that reduces the number of microorganisms to a safe level as dictated in public health guidelines.
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