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Anatomy is...
study of structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another
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Physiology is...
study of how the body and its parts work
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The levels of structural organization is...
atoms, cells, tissue, organs, organ systems, organism
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Integumentary system is...
- -external body covering
- - location of pain, pressure, receptors, sweat/oil glands etc.
- - waterproofs the body and protects inside from injury
- - regulates body temperature
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Skeletal System is...
- -consists of bone and cartilidge
- - supports the body
- - provides a base for the muscles to move
- - creates blood cells
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Muscular System is...
- contract or shorten
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Nervous System is...
- - body's control system
- - consists of brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors
- - responds to stimuli inside and outside of body (temp. light, sound outside) ( decrease in oxygen, stretching of tissue inside)
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Endocrine System is...
- - controls body's activites
- - produces hormones
- - Examples: pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, and thymus gland
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Cardiovascular System is...
- - primary organs are heart and blood vessels
- - carries oxygen and other nutrients to other parts of the body
- - pumps blood to other parts of the body
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Lymphatic System is...
- - includes, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils etc.
- - returns leaked fluid back into the body
- - help clean the blood and fights bacteria
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Respiratory System is...
- -keep the body constantly supplied with oxygen and remove CO2
- - consists of nose, pharync, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
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Digestive System is...
- -breaks food down so it can be absorbed
- - indigestible food expelled out
- -pathway of food from mouth to anus
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Urinary System is...
- -eliminates liquid wastes
- -regulates water, electrolytes, and acid-balance in the blood
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Male/Female Reproductive System is...
- - produce offspring
- - testes: sperm ovaries:eggs
- - breasts produce milk
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1.) Necessary Life Functions are..
- - Maintaining boundries ( allowing protection like skin or membrane)
- - Movement (activities promoted by muscular system)
- - Responsiveness (ability to sense and react to stimuli)
- - Digestion (breaking down and using food for blood)
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2.) Necessary Life Functions are..
- - Metabolism (chemical reactions within the body)
- - Excretion (expelling waste)
- - Reproduction (creating offspring)
- - Growth (increase in size)
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Superior Plane
- Toward the head
- - The forehead is superior to the nose
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Inferior
- Away from the head
- - The navel is inferior to the breastbone
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Ventral (anterior)
- in front of
- - the breastbone is anterior to the spine
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Dorsal (posterior)
- behind
- - the spine is posterior to the spine
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Medial
- on the inner side
- - the heart is medial to the arm
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Lateral
- on the outer side
- - the arm is lateral to the chest
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Proximal
- close to the attachment point
- - the arm is proximal to the wrist
- (closer to the a shoulder joint connecting the whole arm)
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Distal
- Farther from the attachment point
- - the knee is distal to the thigh
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Superficial
- Toward the body surface
- - the skin is superficial to the skeleton
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Deep
- Away from the surface
- - lungs are deep to the rib cage
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Median Plane
cuts through the body in half straight down the middle
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Frontal Plane
Cuts body in half sideways
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Transverse Plane
Cuts body in half at waist
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