MA-170 Ch 13

organ that produces ova or sperm

a reproductive cell (ovum or spermatozoon) both live for only a few days

release of an ovum from the ovary

• or fertilization; union of the sperm cell nucleus with and egg cell nucleus, usually occurs in uterine tube
• •fertilized ovum undergoes a series of cell divisions as it moves along the uterine tube and then enters the uterine cavity

about the seventh day after ovulation, the fertilized ovum attaches to the endometrium

product of fertilization which undergoes rapid cell divisions; known by different names at various stages

• •beginning of the third week
• •all the organ systems form during the embryonic stage
• •when the extraembryonic membrane forms
• 

• •the aminon
• •the chorion
• •membranes that provide protection by surrounding the embryo with amniotic fluid

• •begins after the 8th week
• 

immature ovum

immature form of sperm

pert. to the chorion

• pert. to both the aminon and the chorion
• •also = aminochorial

• •formed in embryonic stage
• •highly vascular structure that nourishes the fetus
• •secretes large amounts of progesterone

• •placenta
• •aminon
• •chorion

• process of broth and development of new individual from conception through the embryonic and fetal periods to birth
• •gestation
• •prenatal period

childbirth

specializes in obstetrics: the medical specialty that is concerned with [pregnancy and childbirth, and includes the time immediately after childbirth

bearing offspring

immature or embryonic

false

pregnancy

pregnant female

woman who has given birth

that which stimulates

• the first recognizable movements of the fetus in the uterus
• •at about 18-20 weeks in a first pregnancy and slightly sooner in later pregnancies

• usually calculated from the first day of the LMP (280)
• •266 days from date of fertilization

• pregnant
• •gravida I = pregnant for first time; primigravida

• one that has reached a stage of development that it can live outside the uterus and usually means a fetus that weighs at least 500 grams (just over 1 pound) and has reached a gestational age of 24 weeks
• •para III = three pregnancies
• •primipara
• •secundipara
• •tripara
• •quadripara
• •nullipara = zero offspring

refers to producing viable offspring

• rupture of the amnion
• •occurs before the child is born
• •sometimes the mother's first sign of impending labor
• •when the "water breaks"

• process by which the child is expelled from the uterus
• •time from the beginning of cervical dilation to delivery of the placenta
• •four stages (1)cervical dilation; begins with onset of regular uterine contractions, ends when cervical opening is fully dilated (2) expulsion; extends until complete expulsion of the infant (3) placental; extends until the placenta is expelled (4) postpartum; not everyone recognizes as a stage of labor, hour or two after delivery when uterine tone is established

• shortening and thinning of the cervix during labor
• •causes the mucous plug that fills the cervical canal to dislodge

• surgical procedure in which the abdomen and uterus are incised and the baby is removed from the uterus
• •performed when abnormal fetal or maternal conditions make vaginal delivery hazardous

newborn child

• refers to the period covering the first 28 days after birth
• •or pert. to the newborn child

physician who specializes in the care of the newborn

present in body fluids (blood, urine) of pregnant females

vaginal palpation of specific bony landmarks and is used to estimate the size of the birth canal

condition in which a baby's head is too large or the mother's birth canal is too small to permit normal labor

• noninvasive procedure that is used to assess structural abnormalities and monitor the development of the fetus
• •radiology presents risk of radiation to the fetus

• surgical procedure in which a needle is passed through th abdominal and uterine walls to obtain a small amount of amniotic fluid for laboratory analysis
• 

tiny finger-like projections of the chorion that infiltrate the endometrium and help form the placenta

sampling of these villi (placental tissue) for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects and is usually performed between eighth and twelfth weeks of pregnancy

stethoscope for assessing the fetal heart rate (FHR) through mother's abdomen, also gives info about uterine contractions

false pregnancy; pseudopregnancy

• complication of pregnancy, characterized by the onset of acute high blood pressure after the 24th week of gestation
• •may progress to eclampsia

protein in the urine

gravest form of pregnancy-induced high blood pressure, characterized by seizures, coma, high blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema, leads to convulsions and death if untreated

• this condition is a separation of the placenta from the uterine wall after 20 weeks or more during labor and it often results in severe hemorrhage
• •fetal death results if there is complete separation of the placenta from the uterine wall so cesarean sections are performed in severe cases

• condition in which the placenta is implanted abnormally in the uterus so that it impinges on or covers the internal os
• •one of the most common reasons for painless bleeding in the last trimester

opening at the upper end of the uterine cervix

fetus that is born dead

• abnormal or difficult birth
• •may be caused by an obstruction or constriction of the birth passageway or by an abnormal shape, size, position, or condition of the fetus

• •extra chromosome, usually number 21
• •most often associated with late maternal age
• •trisomy 21

• destruction of RBCs
• •also called erythroblastosis fetalis

deliberate rupture of the fetal membranes to induce labor

• •Pitocin = trade name
• •hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates uterine contraction

incision that enlarges the vaginal opening to facilitate delivery

withdrawal of the penis before ejaculation

• may be successful when failure to conceive is caused by insufficient numbers of sperm
• •method of fertilizing an ova outside the body by collecting mature ova and placing them in a dish with spermatozoa
• •fertilized ova are then placed in the uterus for implatation

• causes heavy urethral discharge in males, females may be asymptomatic
• •may be treated with penicilin

• occurred through Europe after 1493
• •first stage is characterized by swollen lymph nodes and the appearance of a painless sore called a chancre
• •second stage (2-6 weeks) organisms spread throughout body and a generalized rash appears
• •third stage has irreversible complications, changes in cardiovascular and nervous systems

• genital warts
• •only STD for which a vaccine is available

basal body temperature

cephalopelvic disproportion

cesarean section

direct fluorescent antibody

expected delivery date

electronic fetal monitor

enzyme emmunoassay

fetal heart rate

gravida

gonococcus

hepatitis B virus

human chorionic gonadotropin

human papillomavirus

herpes simplex virus type 2 (genital herpes)

immunofluorescent assay

intrauterine device

in vitro fertilization

last menstrual period

obstetrics

rapid plasma reagin

Venereal Disease Research Laboratories