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What are the step to controll epistaxis
Sitting position, leaning forward and pinch the nostrils together.
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Signs and symptoms of a pt you suspect internal bleeding
- Pain and distention
- Swelling
- Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Hematoma beneath the skin
- Other signs include
- Hematemesis
- Melena
- Hemoptysis
- Pain,tenderness bruising, guarding, swelling
- Broken ribs
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What are the different characteristics of bleeding
Bleeding from an open artery is brighter red ( high oxygen ) and spurts in time with the pulse
Blood from an open vein is darker ( low oxygen ) and flows steadily
Bleeding from damaged Capillary vessels is dark red oozes from a wound steadily but slowly
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Compensation of shock (pg 684)
Low Bp
Irreversible shock is a terminal sign of shock
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Define PASG
Pneumatic antishock garment
Used if the pt has inujuries to the lower extremities or pelvis as a splinting device.
- To stabilze fractures of the pelvis and proximal femurs
- To control significant bleeding associated with fractures of the pelvis
- To control massive soft tissue bleeding of the lower extremities when direct pressure is not effective
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Tourniquet
use nothing narrow ( use the opposite )
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First signs of hypoperfusion
LOC'S
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For a pt with severe trauma where do you take them?
Trauma Center WITH A SURGEON
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How do you treat a pt with a penetrating hand wound?
Immobilize and transport
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When you put an occlusive dressing how many sides should you tape down?
3 sides
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What are the two layers of skin
Epidermis and the dermis
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A heavy item fell on a pt, eyes blood shot
Traumatic asphyxia
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IF a dressing soaks threw?
Apply additional dressing over the soaked dressing and bandage.
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Name 3 open wounds
Evisceration, laceration, avulsion, abrasion
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What concerns should you have with puncture wound?
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If you find a pt that has fell and has fractures, whats the first thing we do?
C-spine
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Whats after C-spine, ABC,...
Control bleeding, add oxygen
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Before and after adding something to the body
PMSC
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Splinting?
we splint above and below injury
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Wheres the humerus on your arm
Bicep area
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pt with a pelvic fracture
All of the above
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Someone with a injured shoulder
Use a sling to immobilize and secure with a triangular bandage
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What is indirect and direct force?
Example if you fall and you put your hand out to break the fall and fracture your forearm, that is indirect
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Complication of bone fracture
Bleeding, swelling and nerve damage
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What are the benefits of splinting?
Prevents further damage to the muscles, the spinal cord, peripheral nerves and blood vessels from broken bone ends
Reduces pain, and makes it easier to transport
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Whats the best way to package a motorcycle accident
Scoop and run, splint in route
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Whats the function of smoothe muscle
Peristolisis
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You should consider and know what happens if you put a C-collar that is to large?
Could allow further to occur
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Sequence for securing straps to a backboard
Torso, legs and head
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Where do the ribs lay in the section of the spine?
Thora
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What problem can occur when you hyperventilate a brain injury
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On a motor vehicle collision, what are possible injury
Head, spine and abdominal cavity for internal injuries
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When someone falls when would you assess the GCS
Enroute
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Whats the lower part and upper part of the jaw
Mandible and maxilla
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Head injury, how do your vitals indicate
high blood pressure, pulse bradycardia
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Left side of the brain effects what side of the body?
Right
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What does a skull fracture involve
Facial bones include skull fracture
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What is degloving?
Skin is torn and flesh leaving the bone, also happens in the skull.
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You find someone in a car with a dead passenger
High Priority
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A bull stepped on a cowboy, what is your first action?
Scene safety
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Amputated leg, whats the first thing you do?
Scene safety
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Someone involved in an explosion
All of the above
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What is a Trauma score for>?
all of the above
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What is the sequence of extrication?
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Know about burns and who should get transported first
Children and elderly
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Unconscious pt in the grass laying prone
ABC, you can listen for breath sounds before rolling over
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Pt laying on the back unconscious with a helmet
C-spine, abc, leave helmet in place to start
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