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Regulation of the cardiovascular system
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What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?
Maintain homeostasis and a favourable cell environment
Continuous and controlled flow of blood through capillaries to every cell.
Deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells
Remove and transport waste for elimination
What are the main diseases of the cardiovascular system?
Hypertension
Cardiac failure
Cardiac dysrhythmia
Angina and lipid disorders
Thrombosis
What is the main adrenergic receptor in the CVS? What affect does it have?
Beta 1 receptors in the heart:
-increase in rate and force of heart
-increase in automaticity of av node
Beta 2 receptors in smooth muscle
-dilate blood vessels
Alpha 1 receptors in smooth muscle
-constrict blood vessels
Beta 1 receptors in the kidney
-renin secretion
What is the overall effect of sympatheic NS on the heart, and what are the pathalogical implications?
Beta 1 receptors activated
cAMP levels increase
Ca2+ ion channel opening
-> increase in rate and force of heart
decrease in efficiency of heart
Hypertension
Cardiac Failure
Post myocardial infarction
What are beta blockers used for? Give examples.
Angina (reduces cardiac work)
Hypertension (reduce cardiac output, renin release, SNS activity)
Post MI (inhibits increase in SNS activity)
Propanolol- non selective
Atenolol- cardio selective
Give an example of an adrenergic agonist, and explain what it is used for.
Adrenaline activates all adrenergic receptor subtypes.
Uses:
Cardiac arrest (increases rate and force of contraction)
Hypertension (increases peripheral vascular resistance)
What are ACE inhibitors used to treat?
Hypertension
Cardiac failure
What are Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists used to treat?
Hypertension
Cardiac failure
What are vasodilators used to treat?
Coronary artery disease
Hypertension
Congestive Heart failure
Coronary artery insufficiency
Peripheral vascular disease
Hemostasis
Author
Anonymous
ID
16782
Card Set
Regulation of the cardiovascular system
Description
Regulation of the cardiovascular system
Updated
2010-04-29T14:47:16Z
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