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A massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure. it connects millions of computers together global, forming a network in which any computer can communicate with each other computer as long as they are both connected to the_____.
Internet
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A network belonging to an organization (hospital/clinic), accessible only by the organization members/ employees.
intranet
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A standard for handling, storing, printing, and transmitting information in medical imaging. It includes a file format definition and a network communications protocol. ______ files can be exchanged between two entities that are capable of receiving image and patient data in _____ format.
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)
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Computers or networks dedicated to the storage, retrieval, distribution and presentation of images. The medical images are stored in an independent format. The most common format for image storafe is DICOM
Picture Archiving and Communicating System (PACS)
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A radiographic technique that uses a cassette loaded with an imaging plate containing a photostimulable phosphor instead of film.
Computed Radiology (CR)
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A radiographic technique that uses a flat panel of detectors or direct capture solid-state device instead of film.
Directed Radiology (DR)
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System used by radiology departments to store, manipulate and distribute patient radiological data and imagery. The system generally comprises of patient tracking and scheduling, result reporting and image tracking capabilities.
Radiology Information System (RIS)
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System used by medical departments to store, manipulate and distribute patient data
Health Info. System (HIS)
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Patient Assessment Vital Signs: Temperature
- - adult average is 98.6 degree F
- - 0.5-1.0 degree up or down is normal
- - methods: rectal, oral, axillary (armpit), tympanic (ear).
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excessive heat or elevated body temperature.
Hyperthermia
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Abnormal low body temperature
Hypothermia
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Vital signs: Pulse
- adult = 55-90 beats/min
- child = 70-110 beats/min
- infant = 100-180 beats/min
location: carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, tibial
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Pulse greater than 100 beats/min
Tachycardia
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Pulse less than 60 beats/min
Bradycardia
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Vital Signs: Adult Respiratory rate
Adult is 15-20 breaths/min
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Rapid breathing with respiration over 20
Tachypnea
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Slow breathing with 15 or less respirations
Bradypnea
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No respiration or breathing
Apnea
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The force exerted by the blood against the vessel wall.
- Blood pressure
- - measured in mm Hg
- - systole-contraction
- - diastole- rest phase
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Vital signs: blood pressure
- - brachial artery
- - 120/80 is average
- - systole/diastole
- - hypertension: systolic above 140
- diastolic above 90
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High blood pressure
Hypertension
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Low blood pressure
Hypotension
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Definition: infections acquired while being in a hospital. A hospital related disease.
Nosocomial infections (old term)
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Definition: Infection occuring in all healthcare settings. Include hospitals, clinics, and home health care.
Health Acquired Infection (new term)
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Defintiion: The use of soap, water, degermer, friction, and/or Disinfectants to eliminate Microorganisms.
Medical Asepsis (clean technique)
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Definition: Eliminating microorganisms and spores by heat or chemical process.
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique)
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Precaution against all bodily fluids as well as mucous membranes in non -intact skin.
Standard precaution
- personal protective equipment (PPE). gloves, masks, gown, face/eye shield.
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To prevent exposure to diagnosed infectious diseases or unknown infectious bodily fluids, the following standard precautions are to be practice on_____?
All patients
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To prevent needlestick injuries, needle should not be______?
Recapped
- a needlestick injury must report to student health services within 72 hours!
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Tuberculosis exposure: If the student has not been fitted with a Tubercuin mask he/she_____ may/_____may not enter the radiology room will work in direct or indirect contact with the patient
- may not
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Hand hygiene is the single most effective method for preventing infection. What are the three methods?
- - hand washing
- - use of degermer
- - proper maintenance of hands . bandage broken skin, no artificial nails, using approved hand lotion
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Body mechanics-balance: the center of gravity is located where?
Center of gravity is located in the lower abdomen pelvis
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Body mechanics- allignment
- -Body alignment posture
- -When lifting, keep back straight, bend knees and avoid twisitng
- -keep object clse to body and balance on both feet
- -work at a comfortable height
- -keep your hand erect
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transferring patients:
- -Ambulatory: walking, able to walk
- -wheelchair: locks.
- -stretcher or gurney:
- - locks
- -handrails
- -transfer with sheets or sliding board
- -watch for IV, O2 and catheters.
- -ask patient to cross arms and hold head up
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