APEuro age of absolutism

a government which wields a great deal of control over its society

god chooses kings, total power in the hands of a chosen king

historical parliament of france

• "I am the state"
• motto of louis XIV

copy

the economic theory that dominated 18th century thought

tax on an import

• an alliance of anti-french nations organized by william of orange
• late 1600s

one who makes a claim to something

a king whose power is limited by law

multiple languages

prussian/german emperor

prussian/german nobility

the machinery of government; usually inefficient and slow moving

england's right to sell african slaves in spain's new colonies

highest/lowest point

a term for the period in russian history where the russians were enslaved by the mongols

russian emperor

russian nobility

russian absolute divine right of the tsar to rule russia

fortress/palace complex in the heart of moscow; traditional sear of russian power

2 house legislative body

theory of government that there is an unwritten agreement between a people and their government; 1700 popular

a great beast of the sea

the killing of a king

when a government forces citizens to house soldiers at their own expense

random

military law

all power comes from the people

supporters of charles during the english civil war/supporters of parliament

a government without a crowned head of state

• the republic
• -god selects kings = divine right
• -blueprint of absolutism

• louis XIII
• built up the system of absolutism in france
• 1st goal to make the king supreme in france
• -broke the nobility
• -intendants
• -broke the huguenots
• 2nd goal to make france supreme in all of europe
• -breaking the hapsburgs
• (30 years war)

uprising of frustrated nobles against the growing power of the monarchy

guided louis XIV

• (bourbon)
• "sun king"
• personification of the absolute monarch
• established greatest royal court in history at versailles
• aided by mazarin and colbert

• MERCANTILISM
• financial advisor of louis XIV
• -government should dominate economic planning
• -goal should be a self sufficient economy
• -advocated high tariffs
• -acquire colonies
• -acquire as much bullion as possible and restrict free trade

• devastated hapsburgs and HRE
• treaty of westphalia
• -began as a civil war in the HRE but soon involved denmark, sweden and france
• (calvinists were not included in the terms of the peace of augsburgs)

• enemy of louis XIV
• -league of augsburg
• countered france's dominance
• "balance of power"

• france and spain against league of augsburg (britain(william III))
• rooted in the longstanding fears of the dominance of france and the bourbons in europe
• -marked the end of french expansion
• -english were becoming powerful
• treaty of utrecht
• -bourbons kept spanish and french thrones
• -england got asiento and gibralto

• revocation of edict of nantes
• all huguenots had to convert or leave france
• louis XIV
• "un roi un foi un loi"

• russia
• centralized government authority
• forced western manners
• warm water port

• russia vs sweden
• -goal to secure a "window to the west" for russia
• treaty of nystadt

• king john forced to sign when defeated by nobility
• -limited his power

• house of commons
• house of lords
• "consent of the government"
• -power to tax
• -power to pass laws

• first asserted that there is a social conract
• -the leviathon

• regicide of charles I
• shaped hobbes thoughts

• -of civil government: two treatises
• -agrees with hobbes that there is a social contract
• -CAN BE BROKEN
• "right to revolt"
• "life liberty and property"

• son of mary queen of scots
• -true law of free monarchs
• intelligent but bad with parliament

• son of James I
• biggest failure in english history
• signed the petition of right for money and then went back on his word
• (no taxation without representation, no quartering, no arbitrary arrest, no marital law)

• 1629-1640
• when charles ruled as a virtual absolute monarch after recanting the petition
• ended when he called in parliament to vote in taxes for war w/scots = long parliament

• led into english civil war
• fight about who should possess greater power, king or parliament
• -cavaliers and roundheads

• led roundheads
• built new model army
• won the english civil war

• only republic in english history
• oliver cromwell as "lord protector"
• long parliament became the "rump"
• -first constitution
• death of cromwell = restoration of the monarchy

• test act
• tried to ease anti-catholic laws= backfire= clarendon code

barred all non- anglicans from holding any government or military leadership position

• charles II promised to convert to catholicism
• Louis XIV promimsed money and military support
• NEVER HAPPENED (TREASONOUS)

• a group of anti james (charles II brother and heir) people concocted a plot to discredit james
• -claimed he was in a plot to kill the king and take the throne

• popish plot brought out division:
• whigs were opposed to james' succession to the throne
• tories supported him

• unpopular
• remarried a young french princess and had a son = permanent catholic succession

leaders of parliament asked invited william and mary to overthrow james

• joint sovereigns
• constitutional monarchs
• bill of rights
• tolerance act

respected the rights of englishmen

gave freedom to all protestants

declared no catholic could ever sit on the english throne and that if queen anne should die childless the throne would pass to the hannover dynasty

• concentrated more and more power centralized
• efficient government
• ended religious violence
• stabilized economy
• edict of nantes

• huguenot
• brought into the government by Henry IV

• joint soverigns
• overthrew james II
• constitutional monarchs
• tolerance act -freedom for protestants

ended the war of spanish succession

ended the thirty years war

author james II

author hobbes

• army built by oliver cromwell
• served the english commonwealth

• what was left of the long parliament
• supported oliver cromwell and the english commonwealth

• guy fawkes and robert catesby
• failed assassination attempt on James I
• by blowing up the house of lords
• conflict over religious intolerance

• royal family of russia
• -peter the great

• period between the death of the last russian tsar feodor ivanavh
• of the rurik dynasty and the establishment of the romanov dynasty in 1613

ended the great northern war

• old state of the HRE
• grew into a power at the end of 30 years war
• rival of austria for dominance in german europe

• controlled prussia with a kaiser and no parliament
• worked with the junkers
• highly militaristic style

• king of england
• devout catholic
• declaration of indulgence
• -suspended laws banning catholics
• overthrown by william and mary

• "merry monarch"
• tried to sympathize with the catholics
• -clarendon code
• -test act

• successor of william and mary
• protestant
• all 8 children died

author rousseau

author voltaire

author voltaire