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omnipotent view of management
the view that manager are directly responsible for an organization's success of failure
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symbolic view of management
the view that much of an organizations success or failure is due to external forces outside a managers control
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organizational culture
the shared values principles, traditions, and ways of doing things that influence the way organizational memebers act
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strong cultures
organizational cultures in which the key values are intensly held and widely shared
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socialization
the process that helps emplyees adapt to the organizations culture
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workplace spirituality
a feature of a culture where organizational values promote a sense of purpose through meaningful work that takes place in the context of community
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external enviornment
factors and forces outside an organization that affects the organization's performance
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specific enviornment
external forces that have direct impact on managers' decisions and actions and are directly relevant to the achievement of an organization's goals
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general enviornment
broad external conditions that may affect an organization
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enviornmental uncertainty
the degree of change and complexity in an organizations enviornment
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enviornmental complexity
the number of componets in an organization's enviornment and the extenct of the organization's knowledge about those componets
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stakeholders
any constituency in an organization's enviornment that are affected by the organizations decisions and actions
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parochialism
viewing the world solely through ones ownes eyes and perspectives and not recognizing that others have differne ways of living and working. Parochialism leads to an inability to recognize difference between people
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enthoicentric attitude
the parochialistic belief that the best work approaches and practices are thome of the home country
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polycentric attitude
the view that the managers in the host country know the best work approches and practices for running theor business
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geocentric attitude
a world- oriented view that foceses on using the best approaches and people from around the globe
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European unions EU
an economical and political partnership of 27 Demecratic European countries created as a unified economic and trade entity. Three additional countries have applied for memebership
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euro
a single common european currency
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North American Free Trade Agreement NAFTA
an agreement among the Mexican, Canedian and U.S governemnts that eliminated barriers of trade
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Association of South Asian Nations ASEAN
a treade alliance of 10 southeast asian countries
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world trade organization WTO
a global organization of 153 countries that deal with the rules of trade among nations
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multinational corporations MNC
a broad term that refers to any and all types of international companies that maintaine operations in multiple countries
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multidomestic corporation
an international company that decentrializes management and other decions to the local country
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global company
an international comapny that centralizes management and other decisions in the home country
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transnational/ borderless organization
at type of international company in which artificial geagraphy barriers are leiminated
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global sourcing/ outsourcing
purchasing materlias or labor from around the world based on lowest cost
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exporting
making products domesticly and selling them abroad
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importing
acquiring products made abroad and selling them domesticly
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licensing
an agreement in which an organization gives an other organization the right to sell or makes its products, using it technology or product specificationsd
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franchising
an agreement in which an organization gives an other organization the right use its name in opperating methods
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strategic allience
apartenship between an organization and a foregin company/partner in which both share resources and knowledge in developing new products or building prodution facilities
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wikis
server software that allws user to free creat and edit web page content using any web browser
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joint venture
a specific type of stretigis allience in which the partnert agree to form a separet, independent organization for some business purpose
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foreign subsidary
a direct investment in foreign that involves setting up a separet and independant facilty or office
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free marke economy
an economic system in whic resources are primarily owned and controlled by the private sector
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planned economy
an econimic system in whic all economic desions are planned by a central government
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national culture
the vakues an attitudes shared by individuals from a specific country that shaped their behaviorn and beliefs about what is important
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globe
the global leadership and organizational behavior effectives reaserch program, a program that studies a cross-cultural leadership behaviors
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social obligation
a firms engaging in social actions beacuse of its obligation to meet certain economic and legal responsablities
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classical view
the view that mangements only social responasbility is to maximize profits
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socioeconomic view
the view that managemnts social responsability goes beyond making profits and includes protecting and improving societies wellfare
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social responsivness
a firms engaing in social actions in responce to some popular social need
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social responsability
a businesses intention, beyond its legal and economic obligations, to do the right things and act in ways that are good for society
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social screeing
applying social criteria to investment decions
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green management
a form og managemnt iwich managers consider the impact of their organization on the natural enviornment
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ethics
principals, values, and beliefefs that define what is right and wrong behavior
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values
basic convictions about what is right and what is wrong
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ego strength
personality meassure of the strenghts of the persons convictions
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locus of control
a personality attribute that meassure the degree to which people belive they controll their own fate
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values-based management
a form of managemtn in which an organizations values guide employees on the way they do their jobs
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code of ethics
a formal statement of an organizations primary valuse and the ethical rules it expects its employeees to follow
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whistle-blower
an individual who raises ethical concers or issues to others
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social entroprenuer
an individual or organization who seeks out opprtunities to improve society by using practical, innovative, and sustainble a proaches
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