Biology

which of the following listed below has no circulatory system?

what type of circulatory system is associated with hemolymph?

what type of body plan is found in a planarian (only one body opening)?

(w)what type of heart chamber receives blood?

(w)what type of heart chamber pumps blood throughout the body to lungs/gills?

(w)How many heart chambers does the amphibian have?

In bony fish the ventricle pumps blood directly to the

In all mammals the right atruim

In mammals, where does the pulmonary trunk take the blood?

What is the thickest-walled and strongest blood vessel in mammals?

Both veins and arteries have the same general structure. An outer layer composed of fibrous connective tissue, a middle layer composed of smooth muscle tissue, and an inner layer composed of

(w) The systemic circuit pumps blood throughout the

(w) The pulmonary circuit pumps blood to the

(w) Is blood pressure highest in arteries or veins?

All arteries take blood away from the heart, however they do not all carry oxygen rich blood. Which artery in the human body caries oxygen poor blood away from the heart?

What purpose does oxygen serve during the electron transport chain reactions that occu within cellular miochondria?

As carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood carbonic acid begins to form, as a result hydrogen ions are released. What happens to the hydrogen ions in the blood?

(w) What is hypertension?

At maturation red blood cells are saturated with hemoglobin proteins. In fact they are so specialized for the purpose of hemoglobin transport the cells lack

which anitbody class is the most important in allergic reactions?

Which antibody class is the main type in the bloodstream circulation?

Which antibody class serves as the B cell receptor (BCR)?

Both macrophages and dendritic cells are able to migrate to the lymph nodes after engulfing bacteria and activate T cells. By what means do these white blood cells do this?

Maturation of T cells occur in the _______

Nonspecific defenses to invasion of infectious agents include all of the following EXCEPT

Redness, heat, swelling and pain are four of the typical outward signs of

During an inflammatory response, the individual's capillaries dilate in the damaged tissue region and the capillary walls become more permeable to blood flow. What causes this physiological change?

Chronic inflammation is most characterized by

This disease has been associated with chronic inflammation

Monocytes are a

monocytes can mature into

Natural Killer Cells (NKC) are

Certain complement proteins join to form a membrane attack complex that

______ is/are produced by virus infected cells as a warning to noninfected cells.

Specific defenses requries that the immune system be able to recognize a specific protein molecule on the surface of a foreign cell or virus. This surface protein is called _______________

(w) Where do B cells first form?

The basic protein structure of an antibody is________

____________ are presented to T cells by dendritic cells or macrophages a after phagocytizing a pathogen.

A T cell can develop into a cytotoxic T cel or ______

The primary host for HIV is

active induced immunity develops

_________ occurs when an allergic response occurs in the blood stream.

Other than immunity the lymphatic system serves to remove________

Name two lymphatic organs _________ and ___________

Histamine produced by damaged tissue and mast cells causes specific physiological reactions such as__________

How can a fever help during the inflammatory response?

Cnidarians and flatworms all have _______

Sessile filter feeders such as clams and oysters are ________

Many reptiles such as the Brown tree snake have the ability to go long periods without eating. What kind of feeding strategy is observed with animas such as this?

A strict meat-eater would be described as _______

Cows and horses eat only plant material and are therefore_____

Saliva contains what digestive enzyme?

What is the mass of food called after it has been chewed and ready for swallowing?

What is the region in the throat shared b both the digestive and respiratory passages termed?

How does the bolus move along the esophagus?

What would best describe the pH of the stomach?

What enzyme mixed with gastric juices in the stomach begin to breakdown protein?

What does bile do?

What enzyme(s) COMPLETELY breaks down small peptide molecules in the intestine?

What is the final breakdown product of protein?

Wy do we need fats and oils in our diet?

The gallbladder stores?

Digested fat and oil enters the _______ as lipoproteins

Undigested food and water together make up the majority of weight found in feces. However, there is a third large component of fecal matter, what is it?

Glucose is a _________

_________ is the sequence of events that results in gas exchange between the body's cell and environment

Name one enzyme produced by the pancreas

What happens to carbon dioxide when it enters the blood?

Squids are _________

What does terrestrial mean?

Give me an example of a gastropod

Do earthworms have a closed or open circulatory system?

Earthworms are grouped in which class?

What are the small bristle-like appendages found along the segmented body of an earthworm called?

List at least 2 common anatomical features found with earthworms

What is by far the largest animal phylum?

What does metamorphisis mean?

Name an animal that undergoes metamorphisis

At what stage of a star fish's lfe do you find the occurance of bilateral symmetry?

Give me an example of an arthropod

What does it mean to molt?

Roughly how many species of insects have been identified?

Give me an example of an echinoderm