cardiovascular pathology terms

group of disorders generally defined as a reduction in the mass of circulating red blood cells

weakening and bulging of part of a vessel wall

heart pain or other discomfort felt in the chest, shoulders, arms, jaw, or neck, caused by insufficient blood and oxygen to the heart:

usually a symptom of heart disease

loss of heart rhythm (rhythm irregularity)

thickening, loss of elasticity, and loss of contractility of arterial walls,

commonly called hardening of the arteries

the most commonform of arteriosclerosis, marked by deposits of cholesterol, lipids, and calcium on the walls of arteries, which may restrict blood flow

common irregular heart rhythm marked by uncontrolled atrial quivering and a rapid ventricular response

soft blowing sound caused by turbulent blood flow in a vessel

serious condition in which the heart becomes compressed from an excessive collection of fluid or blood between the pericardial membrane and the heart

group of conditions in which theh heart muscle has deeriorated and functions less effectively

inability of the heart to pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body, resulting in lung congestion and dyspnea

condition of right ventricular enlargement or dilation from increased right ventricular pressure.

aka pulmonary heart disease or rightsided heart failure

narrowing of the lumen, or inner open space of a vessel, of heart arteries due to arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis

development of a blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the legs

aka thrombophlebitis

serious condition that arises as a complication of another disorder, in which widespread, unrestricted microvascular blood clotting occurs

primary symptom is hemorrhage

undissolved matter floating in blood or lymph fluid that may cuse an occlusion and infarction

infection of the inner lining of the heart that may cause vegetations to form within one or more heart chambers or valves

quivering of heart muscle fibers instead of an effective heartbeat

blood pressure that is consistently higher than 140 systolic, 90 diastolic, or both

temporary reduction in blood supply to a localized area of tissue

rare, life-threatening type of hypertension evidenced by optic-nerve (eye) edema and extremely high systolic and diastolic blood pressure

condition in which the mitral valve does not close tightly, allowing blood to flow backward into the left atrium

aka mitral insufficiency or mitral incompetence

condition in which the mitral valve fails to open properly, thereby impeding normal blood flow and increasing pressure within the left atrium and lungs

blowing or swishing sound in the heart, due to turbulent blood flow or backflow through a leaky valve

death of heart-muscle cells due to occlusion of a vessel: commonly called heart attack

condition in which the middle layer of the heart wall becomes inflamed

acute or chronic condition in which the fibrous membrane surrounding the heart becomes inflamed

condition of partial or complete obstruction of the arteries of the arms or legs; similar to peripheral vascular disease (PVD), which includes both arteries and veins

chronic disorder marked by increased number and mass of all bone marrow cells, especially RBCs, with increased blood viscosity and a tendency to develop blood clots

disorder that affects blood vessels in the fingers, toes, ears, and nose, marked by vessel constriction and reduced blood flow in response to triggers such as cold temperature

complication of rheumatic fever in which inflammation and damage occur to parts of the heart, usually the valves

syndrome of inadequate perfusion (circulation of blood, nutrients, and oxygen through tissues and organs) as a result of hypotension or low blood pressure

type of vascular disease associated with tobacco use, marked by inflammation and clot formation within small vessels of the hands and feet, which may lead to gangrene and surgical amputation,
sometimes called buerger disease

bulging, distended veins due to incompetent valves, most commonly in the legs