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Hassles:
Annoying minor events of everyday life that cumulatively can affect psychological well-being.
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Overload:
When you are asked to do too much in too short a time.
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Underload:
Being asked to do too little;causes boredom.
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Job control:
The ability to influence decisions about how and when one's job is performed.
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Role Conflict:
Being the target of conflicting demands or expectations from different groups of people.
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Immune System:
The mechanism through which our bodies recognize and destroy potentially harmful substances.
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Lymphocytes:
White blood cells that fight infections and disease.
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Cortisol:
A hormone that suppresses part of our immune systems.
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Health Belief Model:
Our willingness to seek medical help depends of: 1) The extent to which we pereceive a threat to our health and 2) The extent to whcih we believe that a particular behavior will effectively reduce that threat.
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Cancer:
A group in whcih abnormal cells are formed that are able to proliferate, invade, and overwhelm normal tissues and to spread to distant sites in the body.
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Risk Factors:
Aspects of our environment or behavior that influence our changes of devloping or contracting a particluar disease (within the limits established through our genetic structure).
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Carcinogens:
Cancer-producing agents in our environment.
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Smoking:
- 440,000 deaths a year in the U.S
- 46 millions Amercian smoke
- consequences of smoking
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Nicotine:
Norepinephrine and Acetycholine
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LDL:
"Bad" cholesterol=low
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HDL:
"Good" cholesterol=High
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Trans-fatty acids:
dangerous to health
* 64% of Amecian adults are overweight.
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Self-determination theory:
Asserts that long-term maintenance of weight loss depends on whether the motivation for doing so is perceived by the dieter as autonomous or controlled.
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Language:
A systme of symbols, plus rules for combining them, used to communicate information.
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Crying:
In response to anger, pain, and hunger
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2 months:
"cooing"- vowel sounds
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4-6 months:
"Babbling"- adding consonants to vowels.
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12 Months:
Linguistic stage- the child begins to undrstand that sounds is ralted to meaning.
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Overextenstion:
Using words to include objects that don't fit the words meaning.
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2 Years:
Telegraphic speech: 2 or 3 words sentences that contain only the necessary words.
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Overgeneralization:
- Overusing the rules of grammer-like with past tense and plurals.
- *by age 5-2000 words. e.g cuted my finger, hurted my toe.
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Language Acquistion Device (LAD):(nature)-(chomsky):
- theory asserts that our brains are "prewired" to learn language.
- *also learn language via imitation and reward (nurture).
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Schemas:
Mental frameworks that help us process and store new information.
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Assimilation:
Taking in new infomation that easily fits into an existing schema (breast feeding).
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Accomodation:
Modifications in existing knowledge structures (schemas) as a result of exposure to new information or experiences (from a bottle to a spoon).
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Moral Development:
Changes in the the capacity to reason about the rightness or wrongness of various actions that occur with age.
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Social Development:
Changes in social behavior and social relations occuring over the life span.
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Temperamant:
Stable individual differences in attention, arousal, mood, and reactivity to new sistuations at, or shorlty after birth.
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