-
Hassles:
Annoying minor events of everyday life that cumulatively can affect psychological well-being.
-
Overload:
When you are asked to do too much in too short a time.
-
Underload:
Being asked to do too little;causes boredom.
-
Job control:
The ability to influence decisions about how and when one's job is performed.
-
Role Conflict:
Being the target of conflicting demands or expectations from different groups of people.
-
Immune System:
The mechanism through which our bodies recognize and destroy potentially harmful substances.
-
Lymphocytes:
White blood cells that fight infections and disease.
-
Cortisol:
A hormone that suppresses part of our immune systems.
-
Health Belief Model:
Our willingness to seek medical help depends of: 1) The extent to which we pereceive a threat to our health and 2) The extent to whcih we believe that a particular behavior will effectively reduce that threat.
-
Cancer:
A group in whcih abnormal cells are formed that are able to proliferate, invade, and overwhelm normal tissues and to spread to distant sites in the body.
-
Risk Factors:
Aspects of our environment or behavior that influence our changes of devloping or contracting a particluar disease (within the limits established through our genetic structure).
-
Carcinogens:
Cancer-producing agents in our environment.
-
Smoking:
- 440,000 deaths a year in the U.S
- 46 millions Amercian smoke
- consequences of smoking
-
Nicotine:
Norepinephrine and Acetycholine
-
LDL:
"Bad" cholesterol=low
-
HDL:
"Good" cholesterol=High
-
Trans-fatty acids:
dangerous to health
* 64% of Amecian adults are overweight.
-
Self-determination theory:
Asserts that long-term maintenance of weight loss depends on whether the motivation for doing so is perceived by the dieter as autonomous or controlled.
-
Language:
A systme of symbols, plus rules for combining them, used to communicate information.
-
Crying:
In response to anger, pain, and hunger
-
2 months:
"cooing"- vowel sounds
-
4-6 months:
"Babbling"- adding consonants to vowels.
-
12 Months:
Linguistic stage- the child begins to undrstand that sounds is ralted to meaning.
-
Overextenstion:
Using words to include objects that don't fit the words meaning.
-
2 Years:
Telegraphic speech: 2 or 3 words sentences that contain only the necessary words.
-
Overgeneralization:
- Overusing the rules of grammer-like with past tense and plurals.
- *by age 5-2000 words. e.g cuted my finger, hurted my toe.
-
Language Acquistion Device (LAD):(nature)-(chomsky):
- theory asserts that our brains are "prewired" to learn language.
- *also learn language via imitation and reward (nurture).
-
Schemas:
Mental frameworks that help us process and store new information.
-
Assimilation:
Taking in new infomation that easily fits into an existing schema (breast feeding).
-
Accomodation:
Modifications in existing knowledge structures (schemas) as a result of exposure to new information or experiences (from a bottle to a spoon).
-
Moral Development:
Changes in the the capacity to reason about the rightness or wrongness of various actions that occur with age.
-
Social Development:
Changes in social behavior and social relations occuring over the life span.
-
Temperamant:
Stable individual differences in attention, arousal, mood, and reactivity to new sistuations at, or shorlty after birth.
|
|