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- Altamira Caves
- Era: Prehistoric, Upper Paleolithic
- Location: Santander,Spain
- discovered by Marcello De Sautuola
- Techniques:
- -bison in profile
- -bison are either dead or alive
- -no spatial depth or overlap
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- Hall of Bulls
- Era: Prehistoric, Upper Paleolithic 1500-1300 BCE
- Location: Caves of Lascaux, Dordogne, France
- Techniques:
- -drawings on ceiling of entrance to cave
- -animals painted from memmory, basic shapes, not realistic
- -ritually throwing projectiles at drawings ensured a successful hunt
- -more herds were a symbol of fertility and health
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- Spotted Horse and Negative Hand Imprints
- Era: Prehistoric, Upper Paleolithic
- Location: Peche-Merle, Lot, France
- Techniques:
- -fit body, long neck, and small head
- -used shape of rocks to make the horses*
- -painted around hand showing human dominace over animals*
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- Chinese Horse
- Era: Prehistoric, Upper Paleolithic 1500-1300 BCE
- Location: Lascaux, Dordogne, France
- Techniques:
- -pregnant horse represented fertility
- -fit body and small head
- -outline drawing similar to Chinese art
- -feather/spears represented hunter's magic and a successful hunt
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- Well Scene (Rhinocerous, Wounded Man, and Disemboweled Bison)
- Era: Prehistoric, Upper Paleolithic
- Location: Lascax, Dordogne, France
- Techniques:
- -large in perspective
- -rhino gored bison
- -bison gored man
- -men did all the hunting
- -man had a bird head and bird on a stick next to man
- -either bird represents the man's soul OR that the man is a shaman and this scene is some sort of ritual
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- Bison with Turned Head
- Era: Prehistoic, Upper Paleolithic 1200 BCE
- Location: La Madeleine, Dordogne, France
- Techniques:
- -made out of reindeer horn
- -small in perspective
- -incised lines (parallel lines carved into the sculpture) create hair and a mane
- -rounded
- -elegant
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- Bison
- Era: Prehistoric, Upper Paleolithic
- Location: Ariege, France
- Techniques:
- -carved out of clay/rock
- -profile
- -incised lines create hair
- -believed to be used in a coming of age ritual
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- Venus of Willendorf
- Era: Prehistoric, Upper Paleolithic 2500 BCE
- Techniques:
- -fertility fetiche
- -vollumtuous female images
- -no face but large breasts and hips
- -lots of geometric shapes (mostly spheres)
- -tiny feet and hands
- -promounced pubic areas
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- Marching Warriors
- Era: Preheistoric, Mesolithic
- Location: Castellon, Spain
- Techniques:
- -rhythm, repetition, and overlapping*
- -profile heads, frontal bodies, and profile legs with wide strides
- -ritualistic
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- Stonehenge
- Era: Prehistoric, European Neolithic 2000 BCE
- Locaiton: Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England
- Techniques:
- -huge in perspective
- -trilithons were made up of 2 posts and a lintel on top
- -outer cromlech (circle of stones)
- -inner horseshoe
- -carved joints out of the stone
- -grave sights surrounding the structure but it is more popularly believed to be an astronomical calendar
- -sun shines through on summer solstice to largest trilithon in inner horseshoe
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- Horse and Sun Chariot
- Era: Prehistoric, Eastern Neolithic 1800-1600 BCE
- Techniques:
- -bronze statue
- -sun being pulled through sky by animal (possible sun cult)
- -part of ritual reenactment of sun's passage across sky
- -finished surface with and incised head and neck
- -eyes are tiny suns
- -collars and harness suggested by engraving
- -sun cast as two discs engraved with concentric rings filled with zig-zag circles, spirals, and loops
- -thin sheet of beaten gold applied to one disc and pressed in incised patterns
- -2 discs joined together by encircling metal band
- -patterns continuous and curvilinear on disc suggest movement of sun because other patterns are geometric and rectilinear
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