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ACCT Final
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Corporate Stock Holders
pay higher taxes
no personal liability
Accounting
communicates financial information about a busines to internal and external users
Accounting Equation
can be expressed as:
Assets - Stockholders' Equity = Liabilities.
A business organized as a corporation
is owned by its stockholers
Internal users of data
Sales person of company
President of company
Controller of company
Principal type of business activities
Operating
Financing
Investing
Financing
activities involves collecting the necessary funds to support the
business
Expense
The cost of assets consumed or services used
Ending retained earnings
Beginning retained earnings + Net income – Dividends
When does net income result?
when revenues exceed expenses
Balance Sheet
is concerned with the company at a point in time
What can stockholder's equity be desribed as?
as claims of owners on total assets
Revenues
have the effect of increasing retained earnings
Intangible asset
derives its value from the rights and privileges it provides the owner
Operating cycle of a company
is the average time that is required to go from cash to cash in producing revenues
What is a measure of profitabilit?
earnings per share
Where do dividends appear?
On the retained earnings statement
ONLY
Characteristics of Accounting information
Comparability
Reliability
Relevance
Accounting information should be verifiablein order to enhance what?
reliability
Going Concern assumption
assumes that an enterprise will continue in operation long enough to
carry out its existing objectives and commitments
Does a debit to an account always indicate an increase in that account?
NO
What happens if expenses are paid in cash?
assets decrease
Which items have an effect on retained earnings?
Revenue
Expense
Dividends
Are advanced receipts from customers treated as revenue at the time of the receipt?
No, revenue cannot be recognized until the work is performed
What does an account consist of?
title
debit side
credit side
What is the normal balance of any account?
the side which increases that account
Double-entry system
requires that each transaction must be recorded in at least two different accounts
Which accounts normally have credit balances?
revenues
liabilities
retained earnings
Sequence of steps in the recording process?
analyze each transaction
enter transaction in journal
transfer info to ledger accounts
Accrued Revenues
revenues that have been earned but not yet received
Over what period should a building be written off?
over its useful life
accrual basis of accounting
events that change a company's financial statements are recognized in
the period they occur rather than in the period in which cash is paid or
received
Difference between prepaid and accrued expenses
prepaid expenses have been recorded and accrued expenses have not
Why are adjusting entries made?
to ensure that:
expense are recognized in the period in which they are incurred
revenues are recorded in the period in which they are earned
balance sheet and income statement accounts have correct balances at the
end of an accounting period
prepaid expenses
Goods purchased for future use in the business, such as supplies or insurance
what is unearned revenue classified as?
a liability
Depreciation
is the process of allocating the cost of an asset to expense over its useful life in a
rational and systematic manner
what causes and understatement of assets and an understatement of revenues?
Failure to prepare an adjusting entry at the end of a period to record an accrued revenue
Perpetual inventory system
the cost of goods sold is determined each time a sale occurs
net sales minus cost of goods sold is equal to what?
Gross profit
periodic system
determines the inventory on hand only at the end of the accounting period
Goods in transit shipped FOB shipping point
should be included in the buyer's ending inventory
an inventory ratio that is too high indicates what?
that the company is losing sales opportunities because of inventory
shortages
Advantage of LIFO inventory costing method
Cost of goods sold will include most recent costs and thus will be more realistic
when is the specific identification method of costing inventories used?
when the company sells a limited quantity of high-unit cost items
Objectives of a system of internal controls
Safe-guard company assets
Reduce risk of errors
Enhance reliability and accuracy of accounting records
Internal control procedures
Using prenumbered documents
Reconciling the bank statement
Insistance that employees take vacations
are meant to safeguard assets
which asset is most susceptable to improper use and diversion?
Cash
separation of duties
control principle related to not having the same person authorize and pay for goods
What does it mean if an employee has been bonded?
they have been insured against misappropriation of assets
A NSF check should appear in which section of the bank reconciliation?
Deduction from the balance per books
Accounts receivable are the result of?
cash and credit sales
salvage value
an estimate of a plant asset's value at the end of its useful life
Author
mlmcl2
ID
16702
Card Set
ACCT Final
Description
study cards
Updated
2010-04-29T02:07:56Z
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